Cat-ion
An n-type semiconductor is formed by doping a pure semiconductor (silicon or germanium, for example) with atoms of a Group V element, typically phosphorus or arsenic. The dopant may be introduced when the crystal is formed or later, by diffusion or ion implantation.
The most common charge (or valency) is -2. But there are compounds formed by elements of group VIA with valency from -2 to +6
The usual charge on an ion from group 7A (also known as group 17) is -1. This is because elements in group 7A, such as fluorine, chlorine, and bromine, typically gain one electron to achieve a full outer electron shell, resulting in a -1 charge.
A positive ion is formed when atoms lose electrons. When a cell gains an electron it becomes negative
The element in period 4 group 5 (also known as Group 15) will typically form an ion with a 3- charge, known as a nitride ion. This is because elements in this group tend to gain three electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Everything in Group 5 except bismuth e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and occasionally antimony
Negatively charged anions are formed.
alkaline earth metals or group 2 elements have two valence electrons and make +2 ion.
The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine picks up one electron to form an anion (negatively-charged ion) Cl−Chlorine is in the halogen group (a halide)
ion attraction
The elements in group 2 lose 2 electrons to create an ion.
Bromide is in the halogen family, which is Group 17 (Group VIIA) on the periodic table. Members of this family include elements like fluorine, chlorine, iodine, and astatine. Bromide is a negatively charged ion formed when bromine gains an electron.