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Gelatin is not vegetarian but agar and pectin are.
It is used as a gelling agent. =]
Fruit pectin.
Gelatin.
Sure. Depending on the gelling agent, you might even be able to dissolve it with just a spoon or a stick--that's how you dissolve gelatin in water, just stir it in.
Instant pectin would be the best gelling agent if you are not going to use a hot water bath or pressure canner. You need to refrigerate or freeze the jam or jelly though.
Depends on what type of Gelling agent - could be animal (haram) or plant (halal). For example Pectin is halal because it is of plant origin.
Agar
agar
Yes. Pectin is an edible fiber that doesn't exist in animals.
Sadly, no. I just converted to vegetarianism myself and realized that the Dolly Mix I'd just bought would conflict. Generally the third ingredient is Gelatine, which is essentially ground up cow bones. I've been hunting the internet trying to find a vegetarian version that uses a substitute gelling agent like agar (which is a form of seaweed).