the opium war
the opium war
the opium war
British citizens were granted immunity from Chinese laws. The Chinese had to open five ports to foreign trade.
Tensions between the Chinese and British led to what became known as the Opium War in 1839. Chinese weapons and military tactics were no match for the British gunboats. The Chinese were defeated and signed the Treaty of Nanking in 1842. The provisions of the treaty required the Chinese to pay the British for losses during the war, give the British the island of Hong Kong, and open five ports to foreign trade. In addition, British citizens in China were granted immunity from Chinese laws. British citizens in China were allowed to live under British laws and if they committed a crime on Chinese soil, they could only be tried in British courts. Another clause of the treaty stated that if China granted rights to another nation, Britain would be guaranteed the same rights. The Treaty of Nanking was the first of the "unequal treaties" signed between China and the Western powers.
British merchants had the habit of smuggling opium into China. The Chinese government was opposed to this, so blocked British shipping from entering Chinese ports. The British Foreign Secretary, Lord Palmerston (who was called 'the irreducible minimum of government, the cement of British politics') took offence to this and declared war on the Chinese.
The conditions of the Treaty of Nanjing was that China was forced to give up the island of Hong Kong to Great Britain.
Foreign can mean several things. It can refer to a country that is different from your own: If you are American, British people are foreign, but if you are British, Americans are foreign. Or it can refer to a language that is different from yours, or rather different from the language or languages spoken in your country: In France, English is a foreign language. And finally, it can refer to something that is different or strange: The idea that women should go to college is foreign to many men in Afghanistan.
Forex or foreign exchange rates are the conversion rates between major currencies. These include the US dollar, the Euro, the British pound, the Japanese Yen, the Chinese Yuan and many others.
Foreign can mean several things. It can refer to a country that is different from your own: If you are American, British people are foreign, but if you are British, Americans are foreign. Or it can refer to a language that is different from yours, or rather different from the language or languages spoken in your country: In France, English is a foreign language. And finally, it can refer to something that is different or strange: The idea that women should go to college is foreign to many men in Afghanistan.
The Boxer Rebellion included Chinese attacks on foreign missionaries.
There was no British foreign minister in 802.
Chinese against foreign trade