ENIAC or Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer was a computer designed during WW2 to do numerical integration to assist in computing ballistic trajectory tables for new artillery pieces. It had 20 accumulators/integrators and was entirely programmed by plugin cables, effectively requiring completely rewiring it for each new problem.
The ENAIC was invented in 1946
because the bears attacked them.
The enic pprojected the first images
Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic computer
Let's see... computers at that point in time were mostly used by the military for artillery applications. However some computers were being used for research purposed by universities at that time. An example that I remember was a computer called ENAIC, which dimmed the lights everytime it was turned on. I don't remember when, but a computer was also used to predict the winner of a presidential election back in the day.
Some of the key players who paved the way for the computer revolution are Charles Babbage and John von Neumann. Babbage invented the first programmable computer while von Neumann created the eponymous computer architecture.
That depends on who you ask and how far back you go. It could be Intel, it could be whoever designed the ENAIC (used for looking up trajectory tables) but I think it was Charles Babbage, inventor of the 'analytical machine.' More: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_complete