See the attached Related Link.
Judaism's major Holy Days are:Passover/Festival of MatzahShavoutRosh HaShanahYom KippurSukkotSimchat TorahMinor holidays include:PurimLag B'OmerTisha B'vHanukkahSee the attached Related Link.
Judaism
1) The theological difference that leads to the difference in the observance of holy days by the various branches of Judaism is (on the one hand) the complete acceptance of the details of the Torah including its holy days (by Orthodox Judaism), or on the other hand, the belief that Torah-laws may be observed more leniently or adapted to modern or personal needs (by Liberal Judaism). 2) The cultural difference is that Jews in different countries have minor differences in customs such as what foods to seve on the holy days.
Most of the annual holy days are concentrated in the month of Tishrei. However, Judaism doesn't have the concept of a holy month.
The traditions of Judaism include its beliefs and its laws and practices, of which the holy days are one part. These all have the role of making Judaism what it is, since without them, Judaism becomes a mere cultural phenomenon that evaporates within a couple of generations (as history has shown). See also:Jewish beliefsJewish lawsThe Jewish festivals
Judaism is a religion, not a place.
Judaism was in what is now called Israel. Its holy book is the Tanakh, which contains the Torah and the prophetic books.
Judaism: Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) Christianity: Bible Islam: Holy Quran
Abraham was the founder of Judaism, in the Holy Land.
The same as they do now, at the very least. God does not change His commands. See also:Jewish holy daysJewish traditions
In any religion, you can refer to the High Holy Days of that religion as the most important holy days of that tradition. In Christianity, it's pretty clear that Chistimas and Easter are the two. In Judaism, where the term is commonly used, it refers to Rosh Hashana (the Jewish New year) and Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement). These fall holy days, 10 days apart, are the climax of the liturgical year in modern Judaism. The interval between them is considered a solemn penetential period, and to a lesser extent, the month beofore Rosh Hashana is also a penetential prelude.
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have all claimed the Holy Land for themselves.