It was divided into 20 provinces each controlled by a Persian governor. They were overseen by the king and his council.
Through slavery and threat to kill their friends or family.
One important way the Persians controlled their empire was through delegation. After a territory or country was conquered, the Persian king would set up an authority of that country who would rule semi-independently but differ to the Persian king.
Persians
Persians
They used the same technique as had other empires - conquest.
Attempting to establish peace, security and prosperity in their empire while allowing the various peoples to continue their own way of life.
Greek cities interfered in the Persian Empire in support of the Greek cities within the Empire. This led the Persians to think that the only way for peace was to absorb the Greek cities into the Empire. A fifty-year war ensued.
The Persians wanted peace and prosperity in their empire. It included the Greek cities of Asia Minor, who were restive and were stirred up and supported by Greek cities of mainland Greece. The Persians concluded that the only way to get peace was to incorporate the mainland Greek cities in their empire and appoint Greek tyrants to each city to keep them quiet. Some of the cities joined the Persians, the southern city-states resisted, putting aside temporarily their usual fighting between themselves and spent 50 years warding off the Persian Empire. The Persians became tired of this and agreed to stay out of Greece, and left the Greek cities to go back to their usual fighting amongst each other. Athens kept hold of the Greek cities which had supported them in the defence against the Persian Empire and converted them into an empire of its own.
The mongols invaded their home city, but the third crusaders had to fight their way through to get to the Holy Land, so they attacked the Persians to get through.
Its failure convinced the Persians that the only way to keep the Greek cities quiet and stop disrupting the peace in its empire was to bring them within the empire. This led to the persian invasion of peninsular Greece a decade later.
The Persians were conquered quite brutally at three distinct points in history:They were conquered by Alexander the Great of Macedon who destroyed the Achaemenid Persian Empire and added all of its lands to his own in the 300s B.C.E.They were conquered by the Arab Muslims who destroyed the Sassanid Persian Empire in the 600s C.E. and resulted in the territory becoming prominent in the Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbassid Caliphates.The Persians were overrun in the 1200s C.E. by Hulegu Khan of the Mongol Empire who founded the Ilkhanate or Middle Eastern Khanate.
The inability of the Persians, over the fifty years of war, to impose peace in the Eastern Mediterranean left the way open for the rise of Macedonia and its eventual conquest of the Persian Empire.