The moons distance from earth varies throughout is orbit, ranging from approximately 357,000 kilometres (222,000 mi) and 406,000 km (252,000 mi). A supermoon is where this closest approach coincides with a full moon. So a supermoons distance from earth is 357,000 kilometres or 222,000 miles.
Physically - no different than any other time. It's caused by a combination of optical illusion and distance from the Earth.
not in any noticable way
Well that depends how close the moon is to earth
A supermoon is a full moon (or a new moon) that nearly coincides with perigee—the closest that the Moon comes to the Earth in its elliptic orbit—resulting in a slightly larger-than-usual apparent size of the lunar disk as viewed from Earth. The technical name is a perigee syzygy or a full Moon around perigee.
distance between the earth and the sun.
that's when the moon is its closest to the earth (right now) march 19 2011
The same as between the Moon and the Earth. The distance from the clouds to the surface of the Earth is insignificant, compared to the Moon-Earth distance.The same as between the Moon and the Earth. The distance from the clouds to the surface of the Earth is insignificant, compared to the Moon-Earth distance.The same as between the Moon and the Earth. The distance from the clouds to the surface of the Earth is insignificant, compared to the Moon-Earth distance.The same as between the Moon and the Earth. The distance from the clouds to the surface of the Earth is insignificant, compared to the Moon-Earth distance.
One AU is the distance between the Earth and the Sun.
scale
The distance between the earth and the sun is about 150 million km .
"Supermoon" is the recent hyperbole term for the perigee full moon. The Moon's orbit around the Earth is an ellipse; all orbits are ellipses. When the full moon happens at or around the time of perigee (closest point of approach to the Earth), the Moon appears to be about 10% bigger and brighter than it would appear when the full moon is at apogee (farthest point from the Earth). Perigee full moons happen every year, so the term "supermoon" is silly.
The gravitational force between the Earth and sun certainly depends on the distance between the Earth and sun. But the gravitational force between, for example, the Earth and me does not.