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The first US satellite was Explorer I, launched on January 31, 1958.

The first US manned flights were part of Project Mercury, which included a flight by a chimpanzee named Ham. In 1961, there were suborbital (up and back down) flights by Alan Shepard on May 5, 1961, and by Gus Grissom on July 21, 1961. Flight delays meant that these came after Yuri Gagarin's orbital flight for the USSR (April 12, 1961).

The first orbital flight for the US was by John Glenn on February 20, 1962. He made three orbits during a five-hour flight.

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