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Prior to the magnitude 9.0 earthquake in March 2011, the previous record for the largest magnitude was 8.5 on June 15, 1896 in Sanriku, Japan.

The largest number of deaths attributed to an earthquake in Japan was the magnitude 7.9 quake on 1923/09/01 in Kanto (Kwanto), Japan with 142,800 deaths. Mass destruction due its closeness to Tokyo in addition to a resulting tsunami.

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