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Most consider the Age of Enlightenment to have ended with the start of the French Revolution in 1789. For more than a century before that the discoveries of scientists, such as Galileo, and ideas of philosophers, such as Rene Descartes, had led people into a rejection of the automatic respect for kings and the Christian priesthood that had been common in Europe during and since the Middle Ages. All nations contributed to the Enlightenment agenda, but the French led the way during the 18th century. The writings of Denis Diderot, Voltaire and D'Alembert, all French, provided the material for the supporters of the Enlightenment to take the argument to the traditionalists. These writers lived in the reign of King Louis the Fifteenth of France (1715-1774).
First and foremost, the medieval monarch had to work on staying alive, because there were any number of other people out there who might want the throne and be willing to do what it took to throw him out. Many monarchs were almost obsessed with the idea of producing an heir who could provide their countries with stability when they died. The strong desire to produce an heir shows that most monarchs were genuinely interested in providing their countries with stable governments. Having a number of mistresses was also an object for a lot of monarchs, but never had the importance of legitimate heirs. Some monarchs were powerfully motivated to enlarge the areas they controlled. Some of these were among the greatest. Some monarchs were very interested in the well being of their subjects, and worked hard at improving education, care for sick people, and charity for the poor. There were kings and queens who were recorded to have given food to poor people every day before they had breakfast themselves. Some monarchs were very interested in promoting trade and crafts. There were a few sadists who just wanted to make life miserable. Fortunately, there seem not to have been many.
One of the most common languages being spoken during the medieval era was Latin. Another language that was being spoken during that time was French.
Jacques Cartier reached most of the western part.
In general terms, monarchs in early England, France, and the Holy Roman Empire consolidated their power in at least the following ways: First, they solidified the support of noble families small and large, whether through intimidation, placation, or some combination. Second, they levied taxes or otherwise ensured sufficient revenue to support the monarchy in peace and in war. Third, they established (or, more firmly established) connections with Church authorities. Finally, they constructed fortifications, established garrisons, and otherwise exerted a military presence in their territory.
Joan of Arc
christian Dior
The majority of the French, including those in Paris, are Christian.
The most common languages in North America are English, Spanish, and French.
french fries
The most famous designer of French shoes is Christian Louboutin. He has a line of shoes popular with French women.
Well most of the monarchs in Europe believed in the Christian God. The Japanese and Chinese emperors believed in Buddha.
Most of the monarchs in the ancient world had been overthrown by 750 b.C.
A cross and a fish
petit or petite are the most common French meanings for 'short'
With large numbers of Indians being Christian, surprisingly the most common name is john
french fries