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The couple of hundred Greek city-states within the Persian Empire became restive, and revolted. Persia put the rebellion down. Athens and Eretria in mainland Greece, outside the Empire, intervened, and the Persians were persuaded that the only way to keep the Greek city-states not inside the Empire from fomenting trouble inside the Empire, was to incorporate them too, and appoint tyrants friendly to Persia to rule and control them.

Many of those hitherto independent cities came across to the Persian side. Those in southern Greece resisted and Persia invaded to bring them under control and so restore peace to the eastern Mediterranean. The invasion failed, and intermittent war went on for another thirty yeas until Persia gave up and left the Greek cities to go back to their endless warfare amongst each other.

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11y ago

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