When did the Marbury vs Madison case happen?

Answer 1

President John Adams granted Marbury a five-year commission as justice of the peace for Washington, DC, on March 3, 1801. The incoming President, Thomas Jefferson, refused to deliver the commission allowing Marbury to take office, so Marbury filed a complaint with the Supreme Court in December of 1801.

Meanwhile, Congress repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801. Marbury's case was on the Supreme Court docket for June 1802, but the replacement legislation, the Judiciary Act of 1802, cancelled all Supreme Court sittings for the year. Marbury's case was finally heard and decided on February 24, 1803.

Case Citation:

Marbury v. Madison, 5 US 137 (1803)

Answer 2

October 31, 1800: Electors appointed for the upcoming Presidential election.

December 3, 1800: Electors cast votes for President.

February 2, 1801: President Adams' Secretary of State, John Marshall, is commissioned and sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States (Supreme Court). Marshall agrees to continue fulfilling the role of Secretary of State until the end of Adams' term.

February 11, 1801: Presidential electoral votes tabulated in Congress. Incumbent President John Adams was defeated, but Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr were tied at 73 votes each, necessitating a special election in the House of Representatives.

February 13, 1801: Congress passes the Judiciary Act of 1801, adding 16 new Circuit Judges and reducing the size of the Supreme Court from 6 justices to 5 (by attrition).

February 1801: President Adams nominates 16 members of the Federalist party to fill the new Circuit Judge positions. Congress approves all nominations.

February 17, 1801: Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson wins the Presidency in the House election; Democratic-Republican Aaron Burr becomes Vice-President.

February 27, 1801: Congress passed the District of Columbia Organic Act of 1801, in which Congress formally incorporated landed ceded to the federal government by Virginia and Maryland into the District of Columbia, dividing the territory into two "cities": Alexandria, which operated under Virginia law; and Georgetown, which operated under Maryland law. One provision of the Act allowed the sitting President (John Adams) to appoint an unspecified number of justices of the peace to serve the needs of the District.

March 2, 1801: President Adams nominates 42 members of the Federalist Party to the newly created DC judicial positions (these men became known as the Midnight Judges for the last-minute nature of the appointments).

March 3, 1801: Congress approves the nominations and commissions Adams' nominees.

March 3, 1801: John Adams signs the commissions, and Secretary of State John Marshall works late into the night sealing the paperwork and preparing it for delivery.

March 4, 1801: Democratic-Republican President Thomas Jefferson is inaugurated.

March 6, 1801: President Jefferson finds the undelivered commissions on the Secretary's desk in the State Department and decides to reduce the number of justice of the peace commissions from 42 to 30, allows 25 of Adams' original appointments to be instated, and makes recess appointments of 5 men of his choosing. (William Marbury's commission is on of those discarded)

December 16, 1801: Attorney Charles Lee files a petition for a writ of mandamus on behalf of William Marbury, Dennis Ramsay, Robert T. Hooe, and William Harper requiring Secretary of State James Madison deliver their justice of the peace commissions.

December 18, 1801: Chief Justice Marshall issues a preliminary order to Madison, asking him to show cause why a writ of mandamus should not be issued. Madison ignores the order.

January 6, 1802: Senator John Breckenridge of Kentucky moves for repeal of the Judiciary Act of 1801.

March 31, 1802: Congress repeals the Judiciary Act of 1801, reverting legislation to the Judiciary Act of 1789. This changes the months the Supreme Court is scheduled to meet. Congress decides to suspect the 1802 Supreme Court Term. As a result, all cases scheduled for 1802 (Marbury's was originally scheduled to be heard June 4, 1802) are rescheduled for 1803.

April 29, 1802: Congress passes the Judiciary Act of 1802, which reinstates many provisions of the 1801 Act, but does not add any new Circuit Judges.

June 4, 1802: Date Marbury's case was originally scheduled to begin.

February 11, 1803: Oral arguments begin on Marbury v. Madison. Marbury is represented by Charles Lee; Attorney General Levi Lincoln represents the United States.

February 24, 1803: Chief Justice John Marshall delivers the decision.

Case Citation:

Marbury v. Madison, 5 US 137 (1803)

For more in-depth information about Marbury v. Madison, see Related Links, below.

Answer 3

The Marbury v. Madison case began on February 11th, 1803 and ended on February 24th, 1803. The Chief Justice on the case was John Marshall, whose rulings are famous for positively shaping the US legal system during the early 19th century. The case was resolved with two decisions: 1. Marbury should rightfully receive his commission as requested, but 2. The US court could not make Madison pay said commission. This case is famous because it was the first time the supreme court declared a law unconstitutional.