The adult stem cells are better than embryonic stem cells in a very few cases. One way they are better is that the adult stem cells can be transplanted back into the adult patient and grown. The body will not reject its own stem cells.
well yes....and no
I have done pretty extensive research recently and as far as I am aware, they aren't more useful. In fact, they are destructive; Embryonic Stem Cells are almost completely unusable due to a nasty Tumor causing side affect. They might be more researched due to the high quantity available, but Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Adult Stem Cells are the only types of Stem Cells that can be actively used.
I have done pretty extensive research recently and as far as I am aware, they aren't more useful. In fact, they are destructive; Embryonic Stem Cells are almost completely unusable due to a nasty Tumor causing side affect. They might be more researched due to the high quantity available, but Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Adult Stem Cells are the only types of Stem Cells that can be actively used.
The adult is bigger so it needs more cells than a baby.
There are two kinds of stem cells: Embryonic and adult. 1. Embryonic stem cells are found in embryos. An embryo develops from a fertilized egg, or zygote, and after about 4-5 days it reaches the stage where 50-150 cells are colonized. This means that one fertilized egg divides into 50-150 cells, which are considered embryonic stem cells. Also, they are totipotent, meaning that they can reproduce indefinitely, and can give rise to any type of cell. 2. Adult stem cells, or somatic stem cells, can be found in adult tissues throughout the human body. As adult stem cells are tissue specific, they are in the already developed tissues. Some examples of where you can find stem cells in the human body: Bone marrow= hematopoietic (blood) stem cells which differentiate into blood cells endothelial stem cells = diff. into blood vessels (arteries, veins) mesenchymal stem cells = diff. into bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, fibres Cord blood= blood stem cells (similarly to bone marrow) (Because of this similarity they might be considered as an alternative for bone marrow transplant.) fat = adipose stem cells, also similar to bone marrow, as they can differentiate into bone, cartilage, fat, and muscle. Stem cells exist also in human skin, mammary glands, placenta, lungs, and the brain (in which neural stem cells may or may not exist; it is up for debate). The main function of adult stem cells is to replace damaged, or dying cells. They are pluripotent. Therefore, they too can reproduce indefinitely. However, while embryonic stem cells are able to develop into any kind of cell, adult stem cells are more limited. Umbilical cord blood considered to contain "adult" stem cells, since they are not part of the embryo anymore. The use of embryonic stem cells for research purposes is a highly debated question. However, research done on using adult stem cells is more widely accepted. Adult stem cells, found in bone marrow and in umbilical cord blood, are used routinely today. Fortunately, pluripotent (adult stem cells) can be "reprogrammed", and, as a result, they could be regarded as equivalent to embryonic stem cells. Just for an interest: deciduous baby teeth (milk teeth, which babies shed) can also be used as a source for adult stem cells. Stem cells, with the ability to develop into different cell types, can be found not only in humans, but also in plants and animals.
Most likely because embryonic stem cell research is often associated with another controversial social issue-- abortion. Some (but not all) embryos used in stem cell research have been donated for research, but the donors are clinics which perform abortions. Also, even in cases that did not involve abortion, such as excess embryos from fertility clinics, some opponents of using embryos believe life begins when an egg has been fertilized, so therefore, the embryo represents human life, and to destroy any embryo to do stem cell research is thus immoral. Although not everyone agrees that a fertilized egg is the same as a human being, the pro-life community has been very vocal in opposition, keeping embryonic stem cell research mired in controversy. On the other hand, extracting adult stem cells does not require destroying an embryo nor does it affect a fertilized egg, so some pro-life supporters feel it is morally preferable to use adult stem cells for research. Unfortunately, adult stem cells are not as helpful to utilize in research because they cannot do some of the things that can be done with embryonic stem cells. Thus, this too is controversial, as scientists and researchers believe they are being hampered in finding cures for diseases because of the religious beliefs of certain people who oppose the use of embryonic stem cells.
The number of cells in an adult whitefish can vary widely depending on the species and size, but it is estimated that a typical fish might have around 10 to 20 million cells per gram of body weight. Given that adult whitefish can weigh anywhere from 0.5 to several kilograms, this could result in billions of cells overall. However, precise counts can vary significantly among individual fish.
Neurons, cardiac muscle cells, and smooth muscle cells are adult cell types that typically have gap junctions. Gap junctions allow for direct electrical and chemical communication between neighboring cells, facilitating coordination and synchronization in tissue function.
So they can see the cell better.
Organ Genesis is an "Up-and-coming" phrase who's process aims to mimic the natural occurance of somatic embryogenesis in a laboratory setting. Somatic embryogenesis is a complex life process by which early phase stem-cells divide and differentiate from a germline gene configuration into specialized organ tissue which cumulativly form body structures. The goal of "Organ Genesis" is simply to create a functional organ. Many techniques are still being experimented including Organ Printing, Nutrient Skeletal Reconstruction, and ofcourse stem-cell manipulation. As Bio-Technology further advances in this feild, the definition of organ genesis might be more refined, but for now, in it's own fledgling developmental stage, it is just the terminolgy used for the work being done in the hopes of achieving an outcome similar to that of the phenomenon; Somatic Embryogenesis. Matt Somar- Department of Biology University of Central Florida.
Direct development involves the embryo developing into a miniature version of the adult without going through a larval stage. The stages typically involve embryonic development, growth, and maturation directly into the adult form. No larval or intermediate stages are involved in direct development.
The main controversy is whewn stem cells are harvested from aborted fetuses, or when an egg is fertilized in a laboratory for the sole purpose of harvesting stem cells. Stem cells can also be gotten from umbilical cord blood after a baby is born.