Napoleon institutionalized the principle of "careers open to the talents" -- that is to say, choosing and promoting whoever was best for the job, based on ability and ambition rather than inheritance or influential connections.
In theory, it was based on ability only, not rank or birth.
On merit, at least in theory.
ability
In theory it was merit based, but on a personal basis he placed family members in positions of leadership and responsibility in the various countries that he had invaded and occupied.
Based on Merit.
Confucius and a booty hair
Most people were appointed to their positions based on merit.
There have been several conspiracy theories on this, some based on levels of arsenic in strands of his hair that were examined. But he probably (and also according to the autopsy report made after his death) died of stomach cancer.
In theory it was merit based, but on a personal basis he placed family members in positions of leadership and responsibility in the various countries that he had invaded and occupied.
Promotions at work are usually based upon how you excel at your job. Many people also get promotions when they have been at their job for a certain amount of time.
Based on Merit.
There are many expectations regarding promotions and salary increases that you may have. You may expect it to be fair based on the work that you do.
Confucius and a booty hair
Napoleons expedition into Egypt. I belive this is the answer to your question.
Campus Commandos and Campus Media Group are two companies that offer marketing and promotions on college campuses. Both companies are based in the United States.
The first specific method of congressional oversight identified by the writer is the ability of Congress "to supply or deny funds based on their perception of the effectiveness of the bureaucracy." The second specific method of congressional oversight identified by the writer is the ability of Congress, through legislation, to control the jurisdiction of the bureaucracy (i.e. How "the bureaucracy performed it s job or what they were entitled to do.")
It's necessary but not an evil. A well-run bureaucracy ensures that employees will be hired based on merit rather than connections and that the persons will be treated equally, without regard to factors such as race or sex, based on published rules as opposed to whim or caprice, with right to appeal adverse decisions to a higher, impartial authority.
Most people were appointed to their positions based on merit.
A civil service system ensures that appointments and promotions are based on merit and abilities. Appointments are not made by political patronage.
Promotions come from commanding officers, the President can promote anyone anytime. Promotions are based on time served,record and if there is a need for that particular rank to be filled. In otherwords an opening for that position. You are usually promoted one rank or pay scale at a time.