217km/h wind gust
950 hectopascals
255 rainfall within 12 hours overnight
death toll-71 people
injuries-145 major, over 500 minor
70-80% houses destroyed
total bill-$5 billion(USD 2009)
Cyclone Tracy (Darwin 1974)Cyclone Larry (Innisfail: 2006)Cyclone Mahina (Bathurst Bay: 1899)Cyclone Fran (Bundaberg: 1993)Cyclone Wanda (dumped hundreds of mm of rain upstream in the Brisbane River, leading to the 1974 Brisbane floods)Arguably, the most famous cyclone was Cyclone Tracy. It devastated Darwin on Christmas Eve in 1974, "officially" killed 65 people (16 at sea) and injured 650. Nearly 70% of homes were destroyed. Some 35000 people had to be evacuated. The damage bill was $800 million dollars.
Cyclone Tracy is the only cyclone to have directly hit and damaged Darwin, to date. Many cyclones circulate in the waters east and west of Darwin each year. Only four have caused significant damage in and around Darwin, and these occurred in 1897 (when the city was still known as Palmerston); 1917; 1937; and 1974.
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One of the most comprehensive websites on Cyclone Tracy is the Northern Territory Library. See the related weblink below.
It is impossible to know how many pets died and how much wildlife was killed during Cyclone Tracy. Some estimates suggest that as many as 20,000 livestock animals died.
When Cyclone Tracy hit Darwin Harbour, there were many fishing vessels which were damaged, with loss of life. Some 16 people who were aboard the vessels at sea disappeared; their bodies were never found.
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Some hurricanes are larger than others, but they are still large by human standards. The smallest tropical cyclone (the generic term for storms such as hurricanes) on record to have reached hurricane intensity was Cyclone Tracy, which struck Australia in Dcember 1974. Gale force winds extended only 12 miles from the center.
The city was literally flattened. Debris lay spread everywhere, powerlines were down and most of the houses and business buildings were reduced to nothing but rubble. For some pictures of Darwin before and after Cyclone Tracy, see the link below.
Some significant events that occurred in December 1974 include the end of the OPEC oil embargo, author John Lennon appeared on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine, and the kidnapping of newspaper heiress Patricia Hearst by the Symbionese Liberation Army.
Not everyone took steps to protect themselves from Cyclone Tracy. Whilst some people prepared for the cyclone, many ignored what they thought would be another false alarm. Those who heeded the warnings took basic precautions such as tying down loose objects that could become flying missiles, boarding up windows, and taking shelter in the strongest room of their house. Some people even left town before it hit.
No: the concept of "lockdown" is more recent. Some looting occurred until things settled down, but it was actually stamped out quite quickly, because of the quick action of the Army. The introduction of a general lockdown procedure was one of the many standard procedures implemented in the aftermath of Cyclone Tracy. These days, communities at threat of imminent cyclones are placed in lockdown.