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The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world and occupies approximately ten percent of the African continent. The ecoregionincludes the hyper-arid central portion of the Sahara whererainfall is minimal and sporadic. Although species richnessandendemismare low, some highly adapted species do survive with notable adaptations. Only a few thousand years ago the Sahara was significantly wetter, and a significant large mammal fauna resided in this area. Climatic desiccation over the past 5000 years, and intense human hunting over the past 100 years, has obliterated most of these fauna. Now, in vast portions of the Sahara, merely rock, sand and sparse vegetation are found. The remnant large mammal fauna is highly threatened by ongoing over-hunting. An alternative name of the Sahara is the Great Desert.

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