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in 1988
a student and the principal of the school
i dont realy no
The court encouraged students to write appropriate articles.
Google the following cases for a good overview of these issues: Tinker v. Des Moines Bethel v. Fraser Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
In Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier, 484 US 260 (1988), the Court held that public school newspapers not explicitly established as fora for student opinion enjoyed a lower level of First Amendment protection and could be censored by school officials. The Chief Justice during this case was William H. Rehnquist (1986-2005).
You could just try this resource:Plessy v. FergusonPrimary source document outlining the Supreme Court's decision and a dissenting opinion. See the related link.
In the Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier case, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the school district, allowing them to censor school-sponsored publications if the content is reasonably related to legitimate educational concerns. This decision limited student First Amendment rights in the school setting.
The Supreme Court case that allowed schools to censor newspapers is Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988). The court ruled that school administrations have the authority to exercise reasonable control over school-sponsored publications if they are part of the school curriculum and can be reasonably viewed as educational tools. This decision limited the First Amendment rights of student journalists in public schools.
In the case of the Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the students of Hazelwood High School that were publishing a school-wide newspaper were subject to reviews and edits by public school officials. In other words, Principal Robert Reynolds had the right to omit the two pages from the newspaper that he deemed to be inappropriate for the school to view. The individual rights of Freedom of Speech of the students in the journalism class were not violated as forums for student expression were of a lower level of First Amendment protection than the protection of individual students and staff. Also because the newspaper was school-sponsored, those participating in it were subject to obligations by the sponsor (in this case Principal Robert Reynolds).
You can take a look at the opinions at the link below.Justice Thomas wrote a concurring opinionJustice Alito wrote a concurring opinion in which Justice Kennedy joinedJustice Stevens wrote a dissenting opinion in which Justices Souter and Ginsberg joinedJustice Breyer wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment in part and dissenting in part
There was no dissenting opinion in Gibbons v. Ogden,which received a unanimous vote of 6-0*; however, Justice William Johnson wrote a concurring opinion in order to present points not specifically covered in Marshall's writing.Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 US 1 (1824)For more information, see Related Questions, below.