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The Confederates were desperately trying to regain dominance of Western Tennessee, as the Eastern parts of the state were fairly pro-Union. The Union troops under Grant were obviously trying to prevent this.

The Confederate commander, Sidney Johnston, knew that Grant was expecting reinforcements that would give him a big advantage, so he decided to strike immediately.

Grant was caught off-guard, and his army almost pushed into the Tennessee river. But Johnston was killed, and Grant's reinforcements arrived just in time.

The Confederates had to retreat, and the Union victory was rightly celebrated as the beginning of the end of the war in the West.

But several people claimed that they had saved Grant from disaster, and this caused feuds that lasted the rest of the war.

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