Serfs ( slaves) or villein and peasants. A peasant was a bit better off than the serf. He wasn't owned, but was just as poor. There were some who were on the edges like the bone pickers, and the rat catchers.
merchants
A person who lived in the Middle Ages is called medieval.
During the middle ages, heresy trials were called inquisitions.
gothic
No or it wouldn't be called "Elizabethan" it would have been called the middle ages. Two different time periods.
buthead
If you were kind an polite, you might be called chivalrous.
The king
The third period of the Middle Ages was the Late Middle Ages. The first is called the Early Middle Ages or the Dark Age. The second period was the High Middle Ages.
nothing xb
The bubonic plague was called the Great Pestilence, Great Plague, or Great Mortality during the Middle Ages. Somewhat later it was called the Black Death. There is a link below.
well your wording is confusing😕