The main principles of Roman law were that the laws were applied equally to both rich and poor and that a person was innocent until proven guilty by trial or judgement. These laws were:
1) All citizens had the right to equal treatment under law.
2) A person was considered innocent until proven guilty.
3) The burden of proof rested with the accuser rather than the accused.
4) Any law that seemed unreasonable or grossly unfair could be set aside.
The two basic principles taken into consideration with Roman law were social principles. They were fairness and practicality. The penalties that were set up for crimes were designed to be deterrents.
Law of nations
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W. W. Buckland has written: 'A text-book of Roman law from Augustus to Justinian' -- subject(s): Roman law 'Some reflections on jurisprudence' -- subject(s): Jurisprudence, Law, Philosophy 'A Text-Book of Roman Law' 'Elementary principles of the Roman private law' -- subject(s): Roman law 'The main institutions of Roman private law' -- subject(s): Roman law
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The key principles of Roman civil law were: citizenship status and citizenship rights, equality under the law, the right to have a proper trial and to defend oneself, the right to appeal, that the burden of proof rests on the accuser and not on the accused, that it is the exact form of actions and not intentions or words which is punishable, that a law deemed unreasonable or unfair can be repealed, and that no Roman citizen should be tortured. These key principles have provided the foundation of the civil laws of many modern countries
Many European nations base their law on Roman systems. So do most Latin American countries, which were once European colonies. Roman law has also influenced the Unites States. Many principles of the Roman Republic, such as equal justice under the law, became part of the American system of government.
Four basic principles in Roman law include the concept of ius civile, which refers to the civil law applicable to Roman citizens; ius gentium, the law of nations that governs relationships between different peoples; the idea of contractus, emphasizing the importance of contracts and agreements as binding; and delicta, which deals with wrongful acts and liabilities. These principles laid the groundwork for modern legal systems, influencing concepts of justice, property rights, and contractual obligations.
The Romans applied the law to all of their citizens. Some of the principles of Roman law was that everyone is equal before the law and that nobody is above the law.
The aim of Roman law was the aim of most laws: to establish rules regarding civil matters (property, inheritance, marriage, contracts, litigation, etc) and administration and to set out definitions of crime and its punishments. Roman law was based on the principles that Roman citizens had rights and that the law was equal for everybody and that no one was above the law.
Among the things which made Roman law popular in later times was its main principles and the fact that it was very comprehensive and systematic. The key principles of Roman law were citizenship and citizenship rights, the right to have a proper trial, the right to appeal, that the law was the same for everyone and nobody was above the law, that the burden of proof rests on the accuser, not the accused, and that unfair or redundant laws could be repealed.
Some of the most important principles of Roman law were equal treatment under the law innocent until proven guilty the burden of proof rests with the accuser and unreasonable or unfair laws could be aside.