The first Space Shuttle launch was on April 12th, 1981. NASA (USA) launched Space Shuttle Columbia on STS-1.
NASA is shutting down the space program because the ISS (international space station) will no further need any assistance. NASA also has completed it missions with the space shuttle program just like it is done with Apollo. But this does 100% mean that NASA is not shutting down. Their are many other missions that future astronaut's will discover. Such as the Constellation Program, and mission to Mars.
The space shuttle uses liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen as fuel. Generally a sufficient quantity of fuel is carried but if need be re-fuelling can be done in space.
The Columbia space shuttle disaster was caused by damage done to left wing of the Columbia. It occurred only 81.9 seconds after the departing. The culprit was a separation of insulation foam.
After a space shuttle is launched it goes in orbit around the Earth. While in orbit, the astronauts preform experiments that can only be done in micro gravity or preform maintenance on satellites, or launch new satellites.
No Canadian ever went to the Moon. There have been no missions to the Moon since the Apollo progream ended. Therefore, only Americans have ever been to the Moon. There is a program, Constellation, which is being planned. The Constellation Program will send us back to the Moon and maybe to Mars.
The space shuttle is not designed to go to the moon and has never gone to the moon; it is strictly used for travelling to and from Earth's orbit (and has mostly been used to travel to the International Space Station). If the shuttle were for some reason flown to the moon, it would crash there, since it requires an atmosphere in order to land successfully. However, if it was your intention to fly the shuttle to the moon and crash, that could be done in about 3 days, in theory. I doubt that NASA would approve the mission.
The space shuttle as we term it has never landed on the moon and never will. The shuttle cannot leave Low Earth Orbit. Lunar landings have been done by capsules - or containers - that had very limited propulsion of their own and were part of yet another larger assemblage of equipment or landing modules. They were brought to orbit as part of yet another space vehicle. Not all of the landing module returned to orbit, and not all of what returned to orbit returned to Earth.
I'm assuming you're talking about Challenger in 1986. Space Shuttle Challenger did not explode. It's right SRB exploded because it's O-ring failed because of the 27 F degree weather on the launch pad. So what could've been done to prevent it? Not launch it.
The space shuttle doesn't do much maneuvering in the outer layers of the Earth's atmosphere. Most of its maneuvering is done once it's passed through these layers due to the extreme temperatures experienced during this time.
The space shuttle is a reusable space vehicle; it goes into space and it comes back, and can be used again for futher missions into space. Whereas, previously space travel was done by rockets that could be used only once. The rockets would be used up after a single use. Shuttles, therefore, are the kind that can shuttle back and forth.
The Space Shuttle isn't capable of going to the moon, and has never done it.The Shuttles operate in low earth orbit, typically between 200 and 300 milesabove the surface depending on the mission.Several STS (shuttle) missions have delivered parts, supplies, and people to theInternational Space Station, in orbit at altitudes between 200 - 242 miles.The Shuttle mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope was a rarity, at an orbitaldistance of 350 miles.The moon is located more than 240,000 miles from earth, more than 600 timesfarther than the shuttle has ever operated.