Temperature will be lowered to -60 C. The temperature as we feel on the surface is higher than at altitude because air get the heat from the ground in form of conduction and convection. Earth surface is warm since it absorb solar radiation. Radiation mostly pass through air without affect so it didn't warm the air. It is earth surface that warm the air around the surface. Moving up high, we no longer have heat support from the surface and it is awful colder up there.
1500 km west of Vancouver and 12000 m in the air.
The shortest driving distance is 1,719 km. (1,545 straight line km).
It would depend on the make and model of the plane
The frame of reference for a plane moving at 500 km/h can be either the ground or the surrounding air. In both cases, the speed of the plane relative to these frames of reference would be 500 km/h.
No
The resultant velocity of a plane is 75 km/hr.
You would go 1287.47 kilometers
That depends on the speed of the plane. Pick a suitable speed, then divide the circumference of the Earth (40,000 km) by this speed. If the speed is in km/hour, the time will be in hours.
The resultant velocity of a plane is 125 km/hr.
The frame of reference for a plane moving at 500 km/h could be relative to the ground or the air. The ground frame of reference would consider the plane's speed relative to the Earth's surface. The air frame of reference would consider the plane's speed relative to the surrounding air.
It is about 7736 miles (about 12450 km's). It would be about a 14.5 hr plane flight.
To get to Paris would be about 11 hours and it is 8 669 kilometres.