brainiac
nerd
geek
dweeb
You would call them a Forensic Scientist.
A scientist that studies bears would be called an ursinologist.
A scientist.
That person would be called a scientist
Scientist call the seahorse a "Hippocampus"; a latin word
That would be a marine biologist.
A military scientist
A biotechnology scientist.
I have no idea. Call a scientist or something I have no idea. Call a scientist or something
A scientist who works at night is often referred to as a nocturnal scientist or a night researcher.
One such scientist is an engineer.
An Oceanographer. Marine Biologist, that sort of thing.