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What are the names of the existing Navajo code talkers in 2012?
As of late 2007, there are less than a handful of the original code talkers left but there are reported to be about 70 living from the 400 or so code talkers who were eventually employed by the government.
How did the native American Navajo help the war effect?
Twenty nine Navajo men created a code to help the American war effort in world war two. The code was never broken by the Japanese. The Navajo women worked in factories, planted victory gardens, and took over the mens general duties while the men were at war. The women volunteered for red cross. They gave away practically all the natural resources they had to help the war effort, they were given nothing in return. Not all Navajo soldiers were code talkers some were general soldiers.
When did they start to use the Navajo code talker?
Most were in their late teens or early twenties, many were 17 or 18. A few were younger and lied to get in. To be in the Marines you had to be 17. Most had been in boarding school which is were they learned English. Most, since they had been 7 or 8. They were punished for speaking Navajo. What was important in selecting the participants was not their age, but, of course, their ability to speak and understand Navajo and English fluently and the ability to learn, memorize and use the code rapidly and accurately. The 1940 census records have just been made public so you could check about most of them if you know their home town.
Why was Navajo code talkers effective?
The code itself was a very simple one. However, Navajo was spoken by very few people who were not Navajo and none of them lived outside the US. There were almost no books on the language published outside of the US. Navajo is very difficult for non Athabascan language speakers. Both the consonants and grammar and tones are hard for many people to say or hear. The code used Navajo as a basis but was not normal spoke Navajo so even if a Navajo member of the US military was captured it would sound like nonsense. It was very easy for Navajo speakers to learn and translate into English. Therefore the could use open radio frequencies and decode the message much faster than other coding methods. This made it extremely useful to send messages to direct the attacks on islands across the Pacific against the Japanese. It is thought that without it some battle might not have been won at a important period in the war. In the Battle of Iwo Jima six code talkers sent 800 messages over two days with no errors. The Japanese did capture a Navajo, Joe Kieyoomia, in the Philippines in 1942. However, when he reported he could not understand the code, instead of working with him and a cryptographer, in which case they probably would have been able to crack it, they tortured him instead and therefore got no useful information.
How many code talkers are there in wars?
There were 29 original Navajo code talkers and about 300 who learned and used the code in WWII. There were also Seminole, Meskwaki, Basque, Comanche code talkers in the European theater of combat. In WWI there were Choctaw and Cherokee who used their languages to make a code.
How many Navajo code talkers served in the military?
Some Navajo were drafted but the Code Talkers were volunteers.
Who did the us military get to speak in code that was unbreakablen?
Native American code talkers... the Navajo code talkers recruited by the Marines during the Second World War are the most famous of them, although the Army did recruit some Cherokee, Choctaw, and and Comanche code talkers. Additionally, the Marines hired some native Basque speakers for the same purpose. The "code" they spoke was actually their native language.
How did the Navajo people help the country during the war?
The Navajo were recruited to serve in the military to help create a Navajo code and used it to confuse the Japanese. They were called the Navajo Code Talkers and a few are still alive. They finally received medals from the President. Only the Navajo could use and fully understand the code. Some of the upper military leaders learned some of it as it was created and they taught the Navajos how to send and receive code.
What special military service did some Navajo soldiers provide in World War 2?
One reason Navajo were enlisted was because they were extremely useful as code talkers. They had a code spoken through their native language that was never broken.
Where did World War 2 Code Talkers come from?
Most were Navajo and Hopi, but some were of other Native American tribes. Many came from the reservations in Arizona and New Mexico.
What are the names of the existing Navajo code talkers in 2012?
As of late 2007, there are less than a handful of the original code talkers left but there are reported to be about 70 living from the 400 or so code talkers who were eventually employed by the government.
How did the native American Navajo help the war effect?
Twenty nine Navajo men created a code to help the American war effort in world war two. The code was never broken by the Japanese. The Navajo women worked in factories, planted victory gardens, and took over the mens general duties while the men were at war. The women volunteered for red cross. They gave away practically all the natural resources they had to help the war effort, they were given nothing in return. Not all Navajo soldiers were code talkers some were general soldiers.
When did they start to use the Navajo code talker?
Most were in their late teens or early twenties, many were 17 or 18. A few were younger and lied to get in. To be in the Marines you had to be 17. Most had been in boarding school which is were they learned English. Most, since they had been 7 or 8. They were punished for speaking Navajo. What was important in selecting the participants was not their age, but, of course, their ability to speak and understand Navajo and English fluently and the ability to learn, memorize and use the code rapidly and accurately. The 1940 census records have just been made public so you could check about most of them if you know their home town.
How many Navajo Code Talkers were killed in World War 2?
As there were only around 300 code talkers and the operation was kept secret for years after the war, casualties are hard to come by. The stats are 13, but I never put much faith in stats or percentages. There were also other tribes as "Code Talkers": 17 Chippewa and Oneida, 17 Comanche, 19 Sac and Fox (Mesquakie) and later in 1941, 11 Hopi. The Code Talkers came from mainly the Northwest part of Arizona; the largest Reservation in America. (Here's a kicker you may enjoy.): Years ago most of the outside world considered the Indians in the U.S. to be ignorant, red savages. In fact, the gov't placed the Navao Indian Tribe in this area bringing them up from Oklahama! The gov't hoped that the harsh environment would destroy them completely. Little did the U.S. Gov't know it was giving the Navajo nation their ancestral homeland back! It was a civil engineer named Philip Johnson who lived in L.A. California. He grew up on the Navajo Indian Reserv because his parents were Protestant missionaries there. Johnson knew enough about the Navajo language to believe it would make a complex code to send important military messages safely. Johnson went to the Marine Corp signal office and the rest is history. Most of the Navajos were in their early teens and military regulations required 18, but they were in such great need they accepted some who were only 14 years old. 400 Navajo Indians were trained as "Code Talkers." The Navajos served on most of the U.S. island invasions, including Guadalcanal, Tinian, Saipan, Bouqanville, Tarawa, and Iwo Jima. Without the Code Talkers the U.S. would never have captured Iwo Jima. There, 6 code talker networks operated around the clock, sending and receiving over 800 critical messages without errors. Each code talker was assigned a "Belakana" (white man) for a body guard. No code talker was ever captured by the Japanese, but because of their somewhat Oriental appearing features, they were often mistaken for the enemy by their own troops. Japanese soldiers would sometimes take uniforms off dead U.S. soldiers, put them on, and tried to infiltrate the U.S. lines. Seven of the Navajo Code Talkers were killed in combat and many received Purple Heart Medals for being wounded in action. After the war was over, the Navajo code was classified as "Top Secret" and kept that way for 23 years. Not until 1968 was the secret classification dropped. It is a remarkable feat, forever recorded in history, that these so-called primitive, ignorant, red savages invented the only unbreakable military war code. Remember, most of them were just teenage school boys. The Navajo Code Talkers were certainly WW2 heroes.. How did the U.S. gov't reward these gallant Native American Navajo Indians? They were denied all their G.I. benefits under the G.I. Bill that covered all other veterans! The governments excuse: Because the Navajo Indians live on the Indian Reservation they are occupying Federal land. Therefore, that "somehow" nullifies their G.I. Bill of Rights. by: Cecil Owen (WW2 Vet)
Where was the boarding school located in code talkers?
The BIA ( Bureau of Indian Affairs) operated boarding schools all over the Navajo Nation in the 1930s and 40s. The code talkers did not come from just one school. Navajo territory is very large and covers parts of three states. 27,413 sq miles. These schools more or less kidnapped or forced kids to leave home starting at age 7 or so. They were only allowed home for a few weeks a year. Some families hid some of their children. Others felt it would help their kids by learning English and American school subjects or that at least they would get more food. The former code talker I took navajo classes from did not speak any English at age 7 when he was taken to school. He was beaten and locked in the basement for speaking Navajo. His school was in Chinle, AZ. He joined the Marines and the code talking unit at age 17 and was sent to Camp Pendleton, CA to learn it.
Why was Navajo code talkers effective?
The code itself was a very simple one. However, Navajo was spoken by very few people who were not Navajo and none of them lived outside the US. There were almost no books on the language published outside of the US. Navajo is very difficult for non Athabascan language speakers. Both the consonants and grammar and tones are hard for many people to say or hear. The code used Navajo as a basis but was not normal spoke Navajo so even if a Navajo member of the US military was captured it would sound like nonsense. It was very easy for Navajo speakers to learn and translate into English. Therefore the could use open radio frequencies and decode the message much faster than other coding methods. This made it extremely useful to send messages to direct the attacks on islands across the Pacific against the Japanese. It is thought that without it some battle might not have been won at a important period in the war. In the Battle of Iwo Jima six code talkers sent 800 messages over two days with no errors. The Japanese did capture a Navajo, Joe Kieyoomia, in the Philippines in 1942. However, when he reported he could not understand the code, instead of working with him and a cryptographer, in which case they probably would have been able to crack it, they tortured him instead and therefore got no useful information.
How was each tribe specifically used when it came to codetalkers?
The Navajo code was developed by 29 Navajo men and Phillip Johnston who spoke Navajo because he had been the child of a missionary. They created the substitution code at Camp Pendelton Marin base in California in 1942. It was used by over 400 Navajo who learned the code in the assaults on Japanese positions across the Pacific and into the occupation of Japan. It continued to be used to some extent in the Korean war. 14 Comanche code-talkers created a similar substitution code and used it in the 4th Signal Company. They were in the Utah Beach invasion in 1944. 27 Meskwaki used their language in North African campaigns but it was not in code just a straight use of the language. There were some Seminole speakers (not in code) used in the Normandy invasion and at Iwo Jima. Lakota may have been used as well. A Basque code (not Native American but from Spain) was used in the Solomon islands. However there were not enough speakers and there were Basque Jesuits in Japan and the Philippines and China who were supporters of Franco's fascist party.
