It's going to be very difficult to claim that it's not the fault of the person who was breaking the law by driving illegally.
it depends if you have insurance that covers all drivers in the family or all and any drivers.
Absolutely. You are responsible for making sure the vehicle that you are driving is insured. It does not make any difference that you have other car insurance or even that the owner of the vehicle has other insurance. If there is not insurance on the vehicle you are driving then you are guilty.
The driver is always responsible. It is the drivers obligation to verify insurance before getting behind the wheel. If you have insurance on another vehicle you may have some liability insurance covering YOU when you get in someone else's vehicle. Check with your agent.
If the car you are driving is insured then you are not driving without insurance.
If you are caught driving an un-insured car: YES
You do not need to be the owner of the vehicle in order to be insured while driving the vehicle. Most states require all drivers of a vehicle to be included in the insurance policy.
Only if the driver was responsible and only for his liability
Some insurance companies will allow the named insured to be excluded depending on the reason. The policy would need to be in your name if the vehicle is in your name. Any drivers must be listed as drivers on the policy but not as the insured.
A driver who does not have a valid drivers license will be fined and charged, this has nothing to do with a car that is insured, if the driver is caught and cannot prove that the car is insured the fine will be doubled or tripled. No sane person would drive a car without a valid license or insurance, no matter what part of the civilized world you live in.
Is driving without insurance
All persons who are going to be driving the "family' vehicles have to be on the policy. Insurance companies have a different criteria for insuring teenage drivers than they do for adults.
This depends on the insurance company. Some insurance companyies will cover other drivers if they are not regular drivers of the insured vehicle. Other insurance companies will only cover the person insured/owner of the vehicle. Most of the time, there are riders you can attach for an additional charge that will cover other, occassional drivers. If there are two people that drive a vehicle on a regular basis, both people must be insured, and generally that's like covering two vehicles.