Regardless of the situation the person(s) who bring the lawsuit (plaintiff(s)) are the ones who have to prove their case. (In the instance cited by the question that would be the patient.).
Affirmative Defense=which allows the defendant to present evidence that the patient's condition was the result of factors other than the defendant's negligence. Such as Denial Defense or Assumption of Risk Defense.
The four D's of medical negligence are duty, derelict, direct cause and damages. The duty must show that a physician\ patient relationship, derelict must show that the physician failed to comply with standards of his profession, direct causes must show damages occurred due to negligence, and damages are the responsibility of the patient to prove injury occurred.
Duty: Duty exists when the physician-patient relationship has been established. The patient has sought the assistance of the physician, and the physician has knowingly undertaken to provide the needed medical service. Dereliction: Dereliction, or failure to perform a duty, is the second element required. There must be proof that the physician somehow neglected the duty to the patient. Direct cause: There must be proof that the harm to the patient was directly caused by the physician's actions or failure to act and that the harm would not otherwise have occurred. Damages: The patient must prove that a loss or harm has resulted from the actions of the physician. K. Jordan East Orange, New Jersey define the 4 D's of negligence for the physician
defendant
Because the physician is in a higher position of responsibility. The assistant is under the direction of the physician - therefore the physician is equally responsible when something goes wrong.
(1) Duty=is the responsibility established by the physician-patient relationship. (2) Dereliction or Neglect of Duty=is the physician's failure to act as any ordinary and prudent physician (a peer) would act in a similar circumstance (standard of care). (3) Direct or Proximate Cause=is the continuous sequence of events, unbroken by any intervening cause, that produces an injury and without which the injury would have not occurred. (4) Damages=refer to any injuries caused by the defendant.
When the patient sees the physician for the first time.
Send the patient a certified letter
Bedside manner is the physician's approach to the patient; practice (and diagnosis, on some level) is the physician's approach to the patient's problem. Malpractice is when the physician's approach is improper.
plaintiff
comparitive negligence
A patient, who chooses to see a physician voluntarily, may terminate his/her relationship with the physician at any time. A physician may terminate with a patient, but usually has to provide at least 30 days notice, in order to allow the patient to find another physician, and to ensure no interruption in the patient's needed prescriptions and treatments. Exceptions to this may occur - such as when the patient has threatened the physician, or has been incarcerated, or has been involuntarily committed, or has abused medications inconsistent with physician's prescription instructions, etc.