sun
The sun.
of the Sun
That person would observe an eclipse of the sun.
an eclipse of the earth
The astronaut on the moon would observe a solar eclipse. This is because the Earth is blocking the Sun from the astronaut's point of view, similar to how the Moon blocks the Sun during a solar eclipse seen from Earth.
When an astronaut on the moon is facing Earth, they could observe a lunar eclipse. During a lunar eclipse, Earth passes between the sun and the moon, casting a shadow over the moon. The moon appears to darken as it moves into Earth's shadow.
During a lunar eclipse, an astronaut on the Moon facing Earth would see a total solar eclipse. The Earth would block the Sun's light, casting a shadow on the Moon and obscuring its surface. The Moon would appear dark or reddish due to the Earth's atmosphere refracting sunlight.
a solar eclipse of the sun. The two absorptions are complementary in that way.
soler eclipse
It depends on what kind of eclipse you are talking about. If it is a solar eclipse, no. The eclipse covers only part of the Earth, where the moon casts a shadow. and only a fairly small area will experience a total eclipse. A lunar eclipse is visible from anywhere that is facing the moon at the time.
Don't look at it, the sun could peak out and BLIND YOU!
A solar eclipse, because the moon passes between the earth and the moon, meaning the part of the moon facing us is in shadow.