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This is more Chemistry than Physics. But I'll put it quite simply:
If you look at a Periodic Table from left to right, you see that there are 18 columns of elements (called groups). The farthest group on the right, made up of the elements Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon. These elements are known as "noble gases" and they are extremely stable (meaning they are the least likely elements to react with other elements in the entire table).
What the noble gases all have in common is that they all have a total of 8 valence electrons (they are the electrons on the outside of the atom's last orbital). Now, look at all the other elements on the periodic table. They don't have 8 electrons (more or less, they possess 1-7 electrons in their last orbital).
These elements WANT 8 electrons so they can be stable like a noble gas too. This is why they will sometimes form bonds (these bonds are called covalent bonds [equal sharing of electrons] or polar covalent bonds [unequal sharing]) where they will share electrons between each other so each atom can have 8 electrons and be "happy".
What else can I help you with?
What is valence electrons shared between atoms?
In a covalent bond electrons are shared between two electrons.
Which electrons are shared in molecules?
In metallic bonding, the valence electrons freely 'jump' from atom to atom, forming kind of an electron sea.
What is a shared pair of electrons?
There are a few things that a shared pair of electrons can be called. Many people call these electrons bonded.
When atoms share electrons the electrical attraction of an atom for the shared electrons is called the atoms?
When atoms share electrons, the electrical attraction of an atom for the shared electrons is called the atom's electronegativity. Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
What is the general location of the electrons in a covalent bond?
In a covalent bond, electrons are shared between two atoms and are located in the overlapping region of the orbitals of the bonded atoms. This shared electron density creates a bond that holds the atoms together.
What is The total number of shared electrons in a carbon carbon double bond?
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Are non polar covalents created when the shared electrons between atoms are not equally shared?
Yes, nonpolar covalent bonds are formed when the shared electrons between atoms are shared equally, resulting in a balanced distribution of electric charge. If the shared electrons are not equally shared, creating an unequal distribution of charge, a polar covalent bond is formed.
Are Covalent bonds are formed when electrons are?
Covalent bonds are formed when electrons are shared between atoms.
Are the shared electrons in a covalent bond always shared equally between two atoms?
No, in a covalent bond the shared electrons may not always be shared equally between two atoms. Depending on the electronegativity of the atoms involved, one atom may attract the shared electrons more strongly, leading to a polar covalent bond where the electrons are not shared equally.
Covalent bonds are formed when electrons are what?
Electrons are shared. they may be shared equally if the elements are nearly equal in electronegativity; a nonpolar covalent bond. Or they may be shared unequally, that is the electrons may spend more time in one atoms orbital than the other atoms orbital(s), if the electronegativity variance is great; a polar covalent bond.
How many shared electrons in CO32?
For the CO32- ion, there are a total of 10 shared electrons. Each oxygen atom contributes 2 electrons, and the carbon atom contributes 4 electrons. These shared electrons form covalent bonds in the ion structure.
What happens when 1 pair of electrons are shared?
When one pair of electrons is shared, a single covalent bond exists. This bond can be either polar or nonpolar. If the electrons are equally shared, the bond is nonpolar. If the electrons are unequally shared, the bond is polar.
