The most famous would be SN1572 or Tycho's supernova [See Link]
It's appearance in the Milky Way was perhaps one of the two or three most important events in the history of astronomy. The "new star" helped to revise ancient models of the heavens and to inaugurate a tremendous revolution in astronomy.
A supernova can't occur on any planet. A supernova occurs when a very large star, at least 8 times more massive than the sun dies.
saw occur
There are many, as too there are many stars. Most supernova explosions are outside of our Galaxy and can occur at any time. So when a supernova explosion is witnessed, it's a rare event. Within our galaxy, or at least within visual with the naked eye, it has to be Betelgeuse. At only 600 light years from us, it is already experiencing the precursor to a supernova eruption. When it will occur - or more correctly - when will we observe it, is any ones guess, but it is expected within humanities lifetime.
A supernova occurs in a star's lifecycle when it runs out of fuel and its core collapses, causing a massive explosion.
Supernova 1987A was useful because it was the first opportunity for scientists to study a nearby supernova in great detail. It provided valuable insights into the late stages of stellar evolution and the physics of supernova explosions. The data collected from Supernova 1987A has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the life cycle of massive stars and the formation of elements in the universe.
No, only large stars go supernova when nuclear fusion breaks down. While white dwarfs can go supernova in some instances, brown dwarfs are failed stars which are not powered by nuclear fusion.
It didn't. It occurred approximately 168,000 years before 1987.
A supernova resulting in either a neutron star, or a black hole.
Well, a star must die eventually! Everything in the universe will be destroyed, or will just die. No matter what.
For a supernova to directly destroy Earth, it would need to be less than 10 light years away. However, even if a supernova were to occur farther away, its effects on Earth's atmosphere and climate could still be substantial.
Yes sometimes scientists can have disagreements
A supernova is an exploding star. The Earth would be instantly incinerated, of course. There is approximately zero chance this will ever happen, though. If there was a supernova near Earth ... it would depend on how near. Betelgeuse is a good candidate for a supernova "soon" (within the next million years or so). Scientists who have modeled supernova explosions don't expect it will have much of an impact. If a star nearer than Betelgeuse were to go supernova, then it might be more serious.