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Earthquakes, mainly, but also normal erosion & weathering.
The dominant process is erosion (generally a destructive process). Events that increase the elevation of land surfaces are either very slow (orogeny) or sporadic (volcanoes, earthquakes).
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abrasion
This process is called erosion. Erosion is the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents
Weathering and erosion.
The process of erosion, which includes actions like wind, water, and ice, can help smooth the landscape and flatten mountains over a long period of time. Geological processes such as weathering and tectonic activity can also contribute to the reduction of elevation in mountainous regions. Additionally, human activities like mining or urban development can physically alter the landscape and impact mountainous areas.
The Catskills were formed through the process of uplift and erosion. The uplift of the region caused the land to rise above sea level, while erosion by water and ice sculpted the landscape into the mountains and valleys of the Catskills we see today.
External Geomorphic Process: destructive process that serve to denude or wear down the landscape. Includes weathering, mass wasting and erosion. Internal Geomorphic Process: process originating below the surface; include volcanism, folding, and faulting.
The process of groundwater erosion is chemical weathering
The movement of eroded rock particles by wind, water, ice, and gravity is called erosion.
Erosion