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The traditional date for the founding of the city is 753 BCE.

Roman citizenship belonged initially to the inhabitants of the city-state of Rome. As Rome expanded to an empire, it progressively extended Roman citizenship to the Latins, then the Italians, then progressively Gauls, Spanish, Britons and so on. They could consequently call themselves Romans. Finally emperor Caracalla in 212 CE extended the citizenship to all free men in the empire, stretching from Britain to Mesopotamia.

With the demise of the Western Empire in 476 CE, only those in the surviving Eastern Empire centred on Constantinople called themselves Romans.

The empire was finally terminated with the Turkish capture of Constantinople in 1453 CE. However there are of course descendents of Romans alive today, and also inhabitants of the city of Rome. Mostly different peoples though.

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