It shines directly on both Jupiter and its moons. There is no reason it shouldn't, as, other than periodic eclipses from Jupiter, nothing blocks the sunlight from reaching those moons. The moons do get some reflected light from Jupiter as well, just as Earth gets some light from our moon.
Jupiter comes after Mars in the solar system.
The name Jupiter comes from Roman mythology, where Jupiter was the king of the gods and the god of the sky and thunder. The name likely has its roots in the Latin word "Iuppiter," which combines "Iuppiter" (Jupiter) and "pater" (father).
Callisto is jupiter moon so Callisto comes from Jupiter
Saturn is the next furthest planet from the Sun, which is the answer you are looking for. However, the planets aren't always in a direct line, as sometimes portrayed. So at any given time Uranus or Neptune could be next if you kept travelling straight past Jupiter and most often there is nothing in a straight line after it as the other planets are at a different point around the Sun, even though they are still further from the Sun than Jupiter is.
Jupiter's original name in Roman mythology was "Juppiter" or "Iuppiter," derived from the Latin word "Iuppiter" (or "Juppiter") which means "Father Jove." It was the name given to the king of the gods in Roman mythology.
Jupiter. Or if you want to know what form comes after mars, It would be the astriod belt.
Saturn.
Jupiter is a Jovian planet. The word "Jovian" comes from "Jove," which is another name for Jupiter.
Saturn and Uranus
The attitude you have comes from the leadership you get
Jupiter does not produce light. It does, however, reflect a lot of the sunlight that reaches it's surface. The amount of light that a planet's surface reflects is call it's albedo, and it's expressed as a value between 0 (nothing reflected) to 1 (100% of light is reflected). Jupiter has an albedo of 0.34, which may seem small compared to Venus's albedo of 0.9, but since Jupiter has a substantially larger surface area than Venus, what it lacks in reflectiveness it makes up for in size.
Like many planets and moons, Ananke too comes from Greek mythology, as the primeval goddess of of inevitability, compulsion and necessity.