Cloning is a process by which DNA from a parent is essentially duplicated and injected into a growing embryo to produce an individual with identical DNA as the parent.
Identical offspring formed from a single cell or tissue result from asexual reproduction, where a parent organism replicates its genetic material to produce genetically identical offspring. This process ensures that the offspring inherit the exact genetic information of the parent, leading to identical characteristics and traits. Examples include cloning in plants and animals.
Identical cells formed during cell division are referred to as daughter cells. These daughter cells are produced through the process of mitosis, where a parent cell divides to create two genetically identical offspring cells. This ensures that the genetic material of the parent cell is accurately replicated and passed on to the next generation of cells.
Offspring formed by sexual reproductions use both parents' genetic material that differs from the parents. Offspring formed by asexual reproduction is formed by a single parent and is identical to the parent.
Organisms are formed through the process of reproduction, where genetic material from two parents combines to create a new individual with a unique set of traits. This can occur through sexual reproduction, where two individuals contribute genetic material, or asexual reproduction, where a single organism produces offspring genetically identical to itself.
During Mitosis the cell creates an exact replica of the DNA and the cell as a whole. When an offspring is formed asexually the parent and offspring are also identical. When an offspring is formed sexually half the genetics of the parents are passed on to the offspring.
meiosis
Alleles are passed from parents to offspring through the process of inheritance during reproduction. Alleles are located on chromosomes, which are found in the cell nucleus. When gametes (sperm and egg cells) are formed, alleles segregate and are randomly distributed to the offspring, resulting in genetic variation.
Asexual reproduction results in offspring with an identical genetic makeup as the parent cell which allows them to be called clones. In sexual reproduction genes from both parents combine resulting in offspring with different genetic make ups.
Identical twins are formed when one fertilized eggs splits. Non-identical twins are formed when two separate eggs are fertilized.
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By convention, a clone is an engineered offspring derived from the genetic material of a single adult. Identical twins are genetic copies of each other, but they were formed by the splitting of a fertilized zygote rather than by extracting the genetic material of a single adult.
Macromolecules are giant molecules that are formed when thousands of smaller units of identical molecules are joined together. This process of joining together smaller identical units into a large macromolecules (polymer) is called polymerisation.