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The process of continental plates diverging is called rifting. In the early stages, there will be stretching and thinning of the crust which will result in a system of normal faults. Topographic lows will begin to form due to the local extension and thinning of the crust and soon these will often develop into rift lakes like the lakes of East Africa. Eventually the two plates will diverge completely and leave a basin or ocean in between and the place of original divergence will become a mid ocean spreading center where new crust is formed like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. This whole process is very slow and takes hundreds of millions of years.

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