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When was Imro Fox born?
Imro Fox was born in 1862.
When did Imro Fox die?
Imro Fox died in 1910.
What are the release dates for Imro Fox Rabbit Trick - 1896?
Imro Fox Rabbit Trick - 1896 was released on: USA: November 1896
What actors and actresses appeared in Rotten Milk - 2010?
The cast of Rotten Milk - 2010 includes: Imro Burnett Phillip Person Alexandar Wilson
What actors and actresses appeared in Postoj - 1989?
The cast of Postoj - 1989 includes: Juraj Hraska as Holka Andrej Kraus as Imro Jindrich Svetnica as Hlavsa Kostas Zerdolaglu
What actors and actresses appeared in Krajinka - 2000?
The cast of Krajinka - 2000 includes: Bayasgalan Battsengel Daniel Dangl Andrej Fiala Ivan Gontko as Otec Ivo Heller Csongor Kassai as Cypro Jan Kraus as Sibert Marian Marko Ivan Martinka as Vojtech Vrzgula Patrik Minar Lukas Miskovic as Peter Attila Mokos Ludovit Moravcik as Holic Benko Juraj Paulen as Imro Sofia Polanska Jakub Rada as Palo Karol Simon Juraj Viljkovsky Milan Vojtela
What's the regulatory authority in the UK for securities exchanges?
The regulatory authority in the U.K. for securities exchanges is the Financial Services Authority (FSA). Stated on the Authority's website, http://www.fsa.gov.UK/ , the FSA was "...given statutory powers by the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000." It has either subsumed or replaced regulatory functions of the smaller U.K. self-regulatory organisations (SROs), the: o Securities and Futures Authority (SFA) o Investment Management Regulatory Organisation (IMRO) o Personal Investment Authority (PIA), and o Securities and Investment Board (SIB) Its organisation is similar to that of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the main SRO in the U.S., but FSA is responsible for greater direct accountability to the government (via Parliament) than FINRA is to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). However, both entities are involved in implementing and pushing government regulations and monitoring strategies into market activities. Both Authorities are actively involved in consumer and investor education and quality assurance, transparency and public awareness of capital markets and their role in the global economy.
What actors and actresses appeared in Zoeken naar Eileen - 1987?
The cast of Zoeken naar Eileen - 1987 includes: Martijn Apituley Tamar Baruch as Hoertje Peggy Bogers Willem Boogaard as Uitsmijter Hotel Wong Adrian Brine as Frank Winning Frans Brouwer Ellen de Thouars as Haar schoonmoeder Gary de Vries Albertine Delhaye Joop Doense Ton Giesbergen Kenneth Herdigein as Geoffrey Thom Hoffman as Philip de Wit Leen Jongewaard as Politieagent Hans Kemna as Henk Faber Monique Klemann as Donna Debbie Kowsolea Moniek Kramer as Babette Marjan Krom John Landwehr as Veilingmeester Rolf Leenders as Kale Bob Maan Leo as Eileens baby Szolt Mesterhazy as Junk Rob Metgod Imro Noslin as Cesar Simon Paterson as Winning kind Alisa Paterson as Winning kind Conny Postel as Hoertje Lorna Russell as Winning kind Rick Seedorf Jill Shand as Oona de hoer Jenny Tellekamp Ronald Tholen as Kevin Coby Timp as Toiletjuffrouw Sam Tsjioe as Uitsmijter Hotel Wong Celia van den Boogert as Pensionhoudster Maya van den Broecke as Madame Wong Manouk van der Meulen as Hoertje Johan van der Moer John Van Dreelen as Philips vader Simon Vinkenoog as Belager Eileen Deirdre Wernham as Susan Callagher Gary Whelan as Marc Nolan
What was the second Balkan war?
the second Balkan war was 1 month after the first Balkan war . It started in June of 1913 . The first Balkan war was when the Balkan countries minus Romania attacked & divided the Ottoman Empire . Bulgaria had been promised the region of Vardar Macedonia by Serbia , who refused to give it up . At this point northern Greece ( Thrace & Macedonia ) was 75% Bulgarian , 13% Turkish , 8% Greek , 3% Vlach , 1% Gypsy . the Turks there had settled on land & largely kicked out the natives & oppressed them , & most fled along with the Turkish army . There were many attacks against Turks & Turkish militia also attacked Bulgarian villages . However the Turks were by no means suffering the most . The Albanians of Epirus had faced deportation , & Kosovan Albanians were attacked by the Serbian & Montenegrin armies , largely in revenge for the many genocides the Turks allowed Albanians to do to Serbs . However the largest death count by far was the Greek advance into Macedonia . Lead by general Ioannis Metaxas ( who was later elected fascist dictator of Greece ) the Greek army killed & burned every Bulgarian settlement they came into contact with , killing around 300 000 , causing 400 000 refugees . The remaining Slavs of northern Greece were forced to sign a document saying they were Greek , & speaking any Slavic language was punished by severe beating & deportation once Metaxas came to power . These factors lead Bulgaria to invade Greece & its ally Serbia , assisted by IMRO rebels . However a Romanian attack on Bulgaria lead to an easy invasion of the unguarded frontier , & a further Turkish invasion left Bulgaria's army crippled , & left many Slavic civilians in Greece & Turkey dead . the Ohrid-Debar uprising was crushed later , & all hope of saving the Slavs of Greek taken land diminished .
Is there a part of Greece called Macedonia?
Answer"Macedonia is inhabited by Greeks as well as Slavs, Albanians, Turks, etc. So Macedonia is certainly not only Greek."AnswerThe above question is somewhat vague, as it makes no distinction between the province of Macedonia in Greece, the (former Yugoslav) Rep. of Macedonia, the Pirin Makedonija in Bulgaria, or any hidden historical connotations the term Macedonia might be assosiated with.A very good example would be to ask if "Mexico" is Mexican - yet if there is proper referencing whether the question regards New Mexico in the US or Mexico the country, then the matter becomes complicated.Its important to note that the term "Macedonia" has denoted slightly different regions over time, since the modern regions don't exactly correspond to the ancient one in terms of national boundaries.There is the country named the (former Yugoslav) Republic of Macedonia. It is mostly populated by ethnic Macedonians, who in terms of origin belong to the south Slavic branch and a rather large population of Albanians in its northwestern part (with other minorities as well). It is primarily located in a region that in ancient times was the Kingdom of Paeonia. The ancient Peonians were neither Slavic nor Greek, since the Slavic tribes did not migrate into the Balkan peninsula until the 6th century A.D.There is also one province in Greece with the name Macedonia (divided into three municipalities). The majority are Greek citizens with a regional Macedonian identity (with other traces of minorities as well, mostly Roma, south Slavs, Arvanites and Vlachs ). The province is situated within the ancient Kingdom of Macedonia in its entity.In terms of the history of the Ancient Kingdom of Macedon, there is strong historical evidence which suggests that the ancient Macedonians were of Doric origin, which would make them Greek. The ancient Macedonians competed in the ancient Olympics, self identified themselves as Greeks and spread Greek culture/language during the Hellenistic period during the conquests of Alexander the Great. It is now debated amongst scholars if they were originally Greek or became Greek after contact with colonies from the south Greek city-states, still evidence such as the Pella curse Tablet suggests that at least from the 5th century B.C. the Kingdom of Macedon was Greek speaking and worshiped the Greek Pantheon - in contradiction with the Kingdom of Paeonia in the north which practised pagan religions. Evidence of this can be found in archeological sites around mt. Olympus in the city of Dion, where a large number of inscriptions have been found written by Macedonian nobility as a tribute to victories in the Olympic Games, which in antiquity only Greeks could compete.In the Byzantine era, there was a "Macedonian" Thema in the middle age Greek - speaking eastern Roman Empire.In modern times, the Republic of Macedonia became a sovereign nation in 1991 when it broke away from Yugoslavia. Greece expressed serious concerns that the Republic of Macedonia's choice to put the name "Macedonia" was an attempt to insinuate that the region of Macedonia in Greece, as well as the identity of Ancient Macedon is part of an occupied whole and would try to usurp the identity of Macedonians (of the Greek variety). On the other hand ethnic Macedonians claim their right to self determination is violated by Greece for insisting they should change their name - their claim in that they have been in the region of Macedonia for 14 centuries, so they should have the right to call themselves Macedonian by right of birth/location.Still, its notable to mention there is currently a disagreement in the Republic of Macedonia as to what their identity actually represents. Up to quite recently their elected leaders claimed they were not related to ancient Macedonians but their present government seems to have revised their official ethnic narrative and now portray themselves as direct descendants of ancient Macedonians.On many occasions, political leaders of the Rep. of Macedonia such as Denko Maleski (former minister of foreign affairs), Kiro Gligorov (first President of the Rep. of Macedonia), Gyordan Veselinov (Macedonian Ambassador to Canada), Ljubco Georgievski (former Prime Minister of Rep. of Macedonia) have stated that the 'modern' Rep. of Macedonia has no links with the Ancient Kingdom of Macedon.The recent history of Slavic Macedonians is complicated. 19th century statistical data from a wide number of sources and eyewitness accounts indicate the majority of people in what is today called the Republic of Macedonia used to self identify themselves as ethnic Bulgarians. Today's modern ethnic Macedonian language also used to be widely considered a Bulgarian dialect by its speakers in the 19th century. The following quote from Kirste MIsirkov could provide further insight:We are Bulgarians, more Bulgarians than the Bulgarians in Bulgaria themselves."[...]'And, anyway, what sort of new Macedonian nation can this be when we and our fathers and grandfathers and great-grandfathers have always been called Bulgarians? - Modern Macedonian national icon Krste Misirkov in "On Macedonian Matters)On the other side, Greek Macedonians represented a mix of Hellenized Christians from around the region and self identifying Greeks. A large number of the Greeks living in the province of Macedonia today originate from Asia Minor who settled in the area after a population exchange between Greece, Turkey and later Bulgaria. Their language idiom is an evolution from earlier forms of Greek leading back to the Koine Greek spread/spoken by ancient Macedonians, Athenians, Spartans, Corinthians and others. Differences between the various Greek dialects can be seen even today in terms of language (as in the use of genitive in the south and causative in the north to replace the dative case) that betray the roots of different Greek tribes (Dorians, Ionians, Aeolians, Pelasgians, and others).Byzantines spoke Greek and considered ancient Greeks their ancestral roots but also included Hellenized Christians from other regions. (similar to how the middle age Holy Roman Empire based in Germany was also a multi-ethnic "Roman")In the 19th century the northern Greek regions of Macedonia, Bulgaria, and the country of Macedonia were still officially part of a Ottoman region called "Rumelia". (Turkish for "land of the Romans" in reference to the prior Greco-Roman Byzantine state). When the Ottoman empire fell apart, Serbs, Greeks, Turks and Bulgarians all fought for a piece.A small group of Bulgarian intellectuals (Misirkov, Gruev, Delchev, and a few others) began referencing themselves as primarily Macedonians (in a national, but not ethnic sense). An organization named BMARC and later IMRO was formed with the explicit purpose of encompassed much of Rumelia (which again was made up of a meddle of ethnic groups including Albanians, Greeks, Bulgarians, Jews, Turks, and Serbs).Greek Macedonians ended up with the portion of Rumelia that coincides with today's Macedonia. Albania and Bulgaria also make up parts of Ottoman Rumelia. They began officially referencing the region as Macedonia in 1913. After a failed IMRO attempt in 1903 to form the "Krushevo Republic," what is today's Republic of Macedonia became a region in Yugoslavia that was named Vardar. During the Second Wolrd War some IMRO members (including of the head of IMRO at the time Ivan Mihailov) participated with the Axis in the occupation of the province of Macedonia in Greece, in the hopes of creating a "United Macedonia."At the end of the war (in 1944 for the Balkan region) the communist leader Tito renamed Vardar into the "People's Republic of Macedonia in 1944. At the time there was also a civil war in Greece where some self-described Greek and Slavic Macedonians fought on the side of communists against the official Greek state (with IMRO also trying to annex parts of the province of Macedonia in Greece to the newly formed state to the north). At the time western governments objected to the name.This (US) Government considers talk of Macedonian "nation", Macedonian "Fatherland", or Macedonia "national consciousness" to be unjustified demagoguery representing no ethnic nor political reality, and sees in its present revival a possible cloak for aggressive intentions against Greece.- U.S State Department Foreign Relations Vol. VIII Washington D.C. Circular Airgram - 868.014/26 Dec. 1944.Yet due to the fact that Greece was entangled in a self-destructive civil war up to 1949, the naming issue of the southernmost province of Yugoslavia elduded its foreign politicians, until it re-emerged in 1991 with the declaration of indipendance from the (former Yugoslav) Rep. of Macedonia.At the moment, there is a standoff in the name dispute. The majority of nations call the Republic of Macedonia by its selected name but also recognize Macedonia in Greece as Greek. A 1995 interim UN agreement between both states obligates both states to reach a compromise in the name dispute (the resolution of which the international community agree to follow).To sum things up: Without clarification as to which Macedonia the question regards to, there can be no appropriate answer. The (former Yukoslav) Rep. of Macedonia is not Greek - Greece has never made a claim against the sovereignity of the country anyway. The province of Macedonia is Greek, and existing archeological and cultural evidence suggest that the ancient kingdom of Macedon considered itself, and was considered in return, a Greek kingdom (in contradiction to the Kingdom of Paeonia mentioned earlier).The dispute is mainly a political/historical one, so yes, a historical reference background IS nessecary for anyone wishing to fully comprehend the issue.AnswerAccording to Macedonia . org, Macedonians make up 66% of their population, Albanians 23%, and Turks, Vlach, and Serbs make up the balance, based on their 1994 census.The US Dept. of State website supports these percentages, based on 2002 statistics. Their site states the languages spoken by Macedonians are, 64% Macedonian, 25% Albanian, 4% Turkish, 3% Romani (Romany), 2% Serbian. They also state that Macedonia's greatest population increase since WWII is the ethnic Albanian community.See the links below for both of these sites..
What were the causes of nationalism in Ottoman Empire and what were its effect to Ottoman Empire?
Although the Ottoman Empire is now generally thought of as being a Turkish Empire, the Ottomans identified themselves by language and religion more than by an ethnic identity. Although the Turks made up the largest portion of the population and had been the ones to establish the Empire, they had recognized early on that they would have to assimilate the subject populations and make use of their talents. Many of the most able managers and administrators of the empire were Greek, the merchants and traders were often Armenian, and for centuries the soldiers in its armies and the governors of whole provinces were raised from Christian children captured in the Balkans and raised in the Sultan's palace. The famous Grand Vizier Mehmet Sokollu Pasha was the son of Bosnian parents, and the Sultans themselves were frequently from non-Turkish mothers. All these people thought of themselves as "Ottomans" and most spoke Turkish. In the 19th century, waves of nationalism swept Europe, with people who had always been the vassals of larger nations or who were part of cobbled together territories began to wish for countries of their own. For example, the people of the many cities and small kingdoms of Italy began to think of themselves as a single people "Italy" and began to think of "Italy" as a country instead of just a geographical expression. This led to the unification of some countries, like Italy or Germany, but caused great conflicts in others, such as the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires. The Ottomans had never tried to forcibly convert any population to Islam or force any group to give up their language, so in some areas like Arabia and the Balkans there were large groups of subject people who had a different language and faith than their rulers. In some cases, like Serbia and Greece, the people had memories of independent kingdoms from before the Empire. As nationalist passion began to grow, it was encouraged by outside powers like Russia, Germany, and England who sought to unbalance the Empire. The effects were disastrous for the Ottomans; in the Balkans countries declared and fought for independence and then fought each other over the borders. In trying to hold onto Macedonia the Ottoman inadvertently created the first modern terrorists, the IMRO, and were drawn into bloody and inconclusive battles and became demonized in the Western Press as "bloodthirsty Turks". The worst situation, however, was in areas of the Ottoman heartland where Turks and other nations lived mixed together. A town which had once been 100% Ottoman and peaceful suddenly found itself a warring camp full of Armenian, Kurdish, Greek, and Arabic people. As it found itself pulled into WWI, the Ottomans were faced with movements among the Arabs, Kurds, and Armenians demanding independence or greater freedom and representation within the Empire. During this period, the Ottomans committed a genocide against the Armenian people which tarnished the name of the Empire in the eyes of the world and history and still haunts the modern Turkish republic. Although the subject is still extremely controversial in Turkey and the use of the word "genocide" is forbidden by law, the facts are not in dispute by most scholars. The Armenians, an ancient Christian people who had lived in Asia Minor and the Caucasus for millenia, and who were found everywhere in the Empire (often as loyal servants of the Empire), were expelled from their homeland or murdered. Some modern Turkish scholars claim that the Armenian genocide was not intended, but that the Ottoman authorities had simply meant to resettle a population they believed was attempting to help the enemy during war and that the massive deaths were a result of either poor planning, unreliable soldiers, or Armenian resistance. Whether or not this is true, a crime of epic proportions took place. A less atrocious but equally tragic population transfer took place after the war, when Greece and Turkey struck a devil's bargain to make their countries mono-ethnic, mono-linguistic modern nations. Millions of people were displaced as Turks from Greece (who might never have seen Turkey or spoken a word of Turkish) and Greeks from Turkey (whose ancestors had lived on the Anatolian Coast since pre-History) were forced to change places, leaving homes they had had for generations to go live among strangers. By this time the Ottoman Empire was dead, and the whittled down new country of Turkey, under the democratic and secular leader Ataturk, had just driven out a Greek army intent on annexing the entire extent of the old Byzantine Empire. The new Turkey was modeled on the successful Western democracies, which meant that it was a secular republic with one language and one nationality. In the end, the Turks themselves had given in to nationalism, although Ataturk famously said that "anyone who speaks Turkish and calls himself a Turk is a Turk". This was much more tolerant than the national creeds in many countries, but even today Turkey has not managed to deal with the vexed issue of the people in its borders who do not want to speak Turkish or call themselves Turks. In the case of the Kurds, the largest ethnic group on earth without its own country, the problem of nationalism is still unsolved.
How did nationalism lead to the breakup of the Russian empire?
Although the Ottoman Empire is now generally thought of as being a Turkish Empire, the Ottomans identified themselves by language and religion more than by an ethnic identity. Although the Turks made up the largest portion of the population and had been the ones to establish the Empire, they had recognized early on that they would have to assimilate the subject populations and make use of their talents. Many of the most able managers and administrators of the empire were Greek, the merchants and traders were often Armenian, and for centuries the soldiers in its armies and the governors of whole provinces were raised from Christian children captured in the Balkans and raised in the Sultan's palace. The famous Grand Vizier Mehmet Sokollu Pasha was the son of Bosnian parents, and the Sultans themselves were frequently from non-Turkish mothers. All these people thought of themselves as "Ottomans" and most spoke Turkish. In the 19th century, waves of nationalism swept Europe, with people who had always been the vassals of larger nations or who were part of cobbled together territories began to wish for countries of their own. For example, the people of the many cities and small kingdoms of Italy began to think of themselves as a single people "Italy" and began to think of "Italy" as a country instead of just a geographical expression. This led to the unification of some countries, like Italy or Germany, but caused great conflicts in others, such as the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires. The Ottomans had never tried to forcibly convert any population to Islam or force any group to give up their language, so in some areas like Arabia and the Balkans there were large groups of subject people who had a different language and faith than their rulers. In some cases, like Serbia and Greece, the people had memories of independent kingdoms from before the Empire. As nationalist passion began to grow, it was encouraged by outside powers like Russia, Germany, and England who sought to unbalance the Empire. The effects were disastrous for the Ottomans; in the Balkans countries declared and fought for independence and then fought each other over the borders. In trying to hold onto Macedonia the Ottoman inadvertently created the first modern terrorists, the IMRO, and were drawn into bloody and inconclusive battles and became demonized in the Western Press as "bloodthirsty Turks". The worst situation, however, was in areas of the Ottoman heartland where Turks and other nations lived mixed together. A town which had once been 100% Ottoman and peaceful suddenly found itself a warring camp full of Armenian, Kurdish, Greek, and Arabic people. As it found itself pulled into WWI, the Ottomans were faced with movements among the Arabs, Kurds, and Armenians demanding independence or greater freedom and representation within the Empire. During this period, the Ottomans committed a genocide against the Armenian people which tarnished the name of the Empire in the eyes of the world and history and still haunts the modern Turkish republic. Although the subject is still extremely controversial in Turkey and the use of the word "genocide" is forbidden by law, the facts are not in dispute by most scholars. The Armenians, an ancient Christian people who had lived in Asia Minor and the Caucasus for millenia, and who were found everywhere in the Empire (often as loyal servants of the Empire), were expelled from their homeland or murdered. Some modern Turkish scholars claim that the Armenian genocide was not intended, but that the Ottoman authorities had simply meant to resettle a population they believed was attempting to help the enemy during war and that the massive deaths were a result of either poor planning, unreliable soldiers, or Armenian resistance. Whether or not this is true, a crime of epic proportions took place. A less atrocious but equally tragic population transfer took place after the war, when Greece and Turkey struck a devil's bargain to make their countries mono-ethnic, mono-linguistic modern nations. Millions of people were displaced as Turks from Greece (who might never have seen Turkey or spoken a word of Turkish) and Greeks from Turkey (whose ancestors had lived on the Anatolian Coast since pre-History) were forced to change places, leaving homes they had had for generations to go live among strangers. By this time the Ottoman Empire was dead, and the whittled down new country of Turkey, under the democratic and secular leader Ataturk, had just driven out a Greek army intent on annexing the entire extent of the old Byzantine Empire. The new Turkey was modeled on the successful Western democracies, which meant that it was a secular republic with one language and one nationality. In the end, the Turks themselves had given in to nationalism, although Ataturk famously said that "anyone who speaks Turkish and calls himself a Turk is a Turk". This was much more tolerant than the national creeds in many countries, but even today Turkey has not managed to deal with the vexed issue of the people in its borders who do not want to speak Turkish or call themselves Turks. In the case of the Kurds, the largest ethnic group on earth without its own country, the problem of nationalism is still unsolved.
