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It is likely that Narcissism has been recognized as long as there have been thinking humans. The ancient Greeks recognized it as hubris: insolence, excessive self pride, presumption or arrogance. The term "narcissus-like" was used in 1898 by Havelock Ellis to describe a person who became their own sex object via masturbation. Paul Nacke was the first to use the term "Narcissism" in 1899 to describe sexual perversion. Otto Rank published a paper in 1911 in which he suggested the connection between narcissism and self admiration and vanity. Freud published a paper on narcissism in 1914. Martin Buber published a paper on narcissism in 1923.

During the 1960s psychoanalysts Heinz Kohut and Otto Kernberg brought narcissism to the forefront. Kohut was the first to introduce the term narcissistic personality disorder. In 1980 it was officially recognized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder third edition. At that time the criteria were established. In a controversial move, the latest edition, DSM-5, has removed it as a personality disorder.

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Mark Greenholt

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