2010
The cross staff was used to determine the vessels latitude by measuring the altitude of Polaris or the Sun.
used to draw things
used to draw things
A Cross Staff and a Quadrant are Instruments that measure Latitude.
A cross staff is a navigational instrument used to measure angles, typically for celestial navigation, by aligning a crosspiece with an object in the sky. An astrolabe is a historical instrument used to observe and measure the positions of stars and planets. It was used for navigation, timekeeping, and astrology.
a cross staff
Latitude
A cross staff is a navigational instrument used for measuring angles or distances at sea. It consists of a perpendicular staff with sliding parts to align with the celestial body being observed. An astrolabe is an ancient astronomical instrument used to determine the time of day or night based on the position of the stars and planets. It could also be used to determine latitude by measuring the altitude of celestial bodies.
The last line that is shorter than the others on a staff is called a "ledger line." Ledger lines are used to extend the range of the staff, allowing notes above or below the standard five lines to be notated clearly. They are typically used for notes that fall outside the regular staff notation.
Modern popes do not bear a crozier (a bent pastoral staff styled after a shepherd's crook), but rather bear the Papal Cross, a staff topped by a crucifix. In other words, it is called a Papal Cross. And they used to carry one called a crozier.
The least count of a cross staff is typically around 0.5 degrees. This means that it can measure angles with a precision of about half a degree.
Renaissance explorers used instruments such as the astrolabe, quadrant, compass, and cross-staff for navigation. These tools helped them to determine their position at sea by measuring the position of celestial objects and the horizon. Additionally, they used charts and maps to plot their course and track their progress.