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It was the practice of the early Christian Church to adopt festivals of local religions, in order to eliminate them as pagan festivals. On May 13, 609 or 610, Pope Boniface IV consecrated the Pantheon at Rome to the Blessed Virgin and all the martyrs; the feast of the dedicatio Sanctae Mariae ad Martyres - All Saints Day. The chosen day, May 13, was a pagan observation of great antiquity, the culmination of three days of the Feast of the Lemures, in which the malevolent and restless spirits of the dead were propitiated.

In the 700's CE, Pope Gregory III affirmed the celebrations of the All Saints' Day, All Hallows Eve" (which became Halloween), moving it from May to November in alignment to the Celtic festival of Samhain. This festival became a observance in honor of Catholic saints in 768.

All Souls Day was celebrated as a pagan festival by the Celts since at least the 700 BCE, long before it became a Christian festival. The end of the old year and the beginning of the new was marked by the greatest of the ceremonies, Samain, which took place on 1 November. It was a liminal time between the two years and as such was dangerous: the spirits of the dead could roam free. It was on this occasion that the male god Dagda and the female goddess, usually Morrigan, came together, and through their intercourse the well-being of the tribe and fertility of all their enterprises were assured. In some versions of the myth the goddess, now an old hag, was revitalised by the union and became young and beautiful once more. The day is believed to have been selected by St. Odilo, the fifth abbot of Cluny, as a Christian festival some time after 1030.

The Celtic Church transformed various local deities such as Cernuous, the horned god and the oldest of the Celtic pantheon to symbolise Satan in the Christian religion. Many Halloween traditions have been passed down from the ancient Celts, such as the Jack-o-Lantern used during the festival of Samhain that were carved from large turnips to ward off evil spirits.

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