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The space shuttle as we know it was proposed by NASA in 1971, shortly there after the last Lunar Mission was launched in 1972; Skylab was launched into space, the USA and USSR joint mission ASTP, shortly there after. As the USSR continued manned flight into space to their space station the USA Skylab de-orbited and fell to earth. USA focused what resources congress allocated to NASA to build the Space Shuttle. After a number of budget cut backs and several redesigns the Space Shuttle Enterprise began construction in 1974 and flew for the first time in 1977. After a number of test flights and landings the Enterprises was retired in 1980 and Columbia made its maiden voyage in 1981.

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Who invented the first space shuttle?

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