Never in the United States. George Washington was the only president to be elected unanimously.
Flip a coin.
There is only one Republican candidate in the 2012 Presidential Election. The Nominee is Mitt Romney, former Governor of Massachusetts
"single-member district."
General election (NovaNET)
No one ever registers as a candidate in more than one constituency during one election. I'm not even sure whether it's allowed.
A presidential election is one where citizens vote for the President. In this type of election, voters directly choose their preferred candidate for the position of President of their country. The candidate who receives the majority of the electoral votes or the popular votes (depending on the country's system) wins the election and becomes the President.
Cross-filing is when a candidate runs in a primary election of his own party, as well as at least one other party. A candidate usually cross-files to reduce the competition in the general election.
The election is decided by a vote of the members of the US House of Representatives.
An election is competitive when two or more candidates run for an office. If only one candidate's name is on the ballot, it cannot be called competitive and the election result is a foregone conclusion. This happens in countries that are criticized for not having free elections.
In the sense that the Republican and Democratic parties compete across the country election after election.
The President of Singapore is selected via popular vote in an election. To be eligible, there is a set of criteria that has to be fulfilled. Should there be only one eligible candidate, he or she will automatically win.
The term for when only one person is running for election is called an uncontested election.