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* The first concentration camps were set up in 1933, mainly for political opponents of the Nazi regime. These early inmates included some Jews, sent there as opponents, not as Jews. * 11 November 1938 onwards - in the aftermath of the 'Night of the Broken Glass' about 30,000 German and Austrian Jews were sent to concentration camps, and about 2,000 died by Chritmas 1938. The main idea was to make life hell for them and bully them in leaving Germany. * November 1939 onwards - Jews in Nazi occupied Poland were forced into ghettos. * 7 December 1941 the first extermination camp - Chelmno - becomes operational. Mass gassings of Jews from western Poland. The roundups and transports began a few days earlier. Deportations from Germany to the killing fields of Latvia and Belarus and to the Warsaw Ghetto started on 15 October 1941. At that stage there were no extermination camps.

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