See the public domain link below.
I do not see any link.
the orchestra played the first movement of the symphony
It is Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 3. The first movement is about 33 minutes.The symphony itself is almost 100 minutes.
No. The first movement is in the sonata/allegro form. The famous theme and variations for which the symphony is known make up the second movement.
This is usually the final movement. The symphony gradually builds up through the first couple of movements, climaxing with an heroic, triumphant ending. Beethoven's 5th Symphony is a classic example of this.
Haydn
As a general rule, a classical symphony has four movements and a classical concerto has three. The nature of their respective first movements and finales is likely to be similar in each case. Each genre will also usually have a slower, more lyrical movement. What a symphony will also have, and a concerto will lack, is a movement cast as a minuet and trio or scherzo and trio.
I never heard a name for it but Beethoven said that the rhythm of the first movement is "Destiny Knocking on your Door!"
Generally speaking, the 1st mov't of a symphony is usually in what is known as "sonata form": exposition, development, recapitulation and coda.
Symphony no.4 (1934) first movement. It is first announced quietly by the strings and much later bursts out into choral splendor.
The first aggressive movement of WWI was the assassination of Franz Fredinand. By the assassin organization the Black Hand.
Very commonly, the first movement of a symphony appears in Sonata form. If it is one of the later symphonies (Mozart, for example), it will likely have 4 movements. The second would be some type of slow movement in a binary form. The 3rd would often be a minuet and trio, followed by a closing movement in Sonata form again.
The final movement of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony contain the first symphonic use (by Beethoven) of the trombone and the piccolo.