As for Islamic morals, one may refer to the sayings and practices of prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and to refer to the teachings of Quran. Refer to question below for more details.
Regarding sources of Islamic law, they are four sources in the following order of priorities:
Muslims believe theQuran
to be the direct words of Allah, as revealed to and transmitted by the Prophet Muhammad. All sources of Islamic law must be in essential agreement with the Quran, the most fundamental source of Islamic knowledge. When the Quran itself does not speak directly or in detail about a certain subject, Muslims only then turn to alternative sources of Islamic law
Sunnahis the traditions or known practices of the Prophet Muhammad, many of which have been recorded in the volumes of
Hadith
literature. The resources include many things that he said, did, or agreed to -- and he lived his life according to the Quran, putting the Quran into practice in his own life. During his lifetime, the Prophet's family and companions observed him and shared with others exactly what they had seen in his words and behaviors -- i.e. how he performed ablutions, how he prayed, and how he performed many other acts of worship. People also asked the Prophet directly for rulings on various matters, and he would pronounce his judgment. All of these details were passed on and recorded, to be referred to in future legal rulings. Many issues concerning personal conduct, community and family relations, political matters, etc. were addressed during the time of the Prophet, decided by him, and recorded. The Sunnah can thus clarify details of what is stated generally in the Quran.
In situations when Muslims have not been able to find a specific legal ruling in the Quran or Sunnah, the consensus of the community is sought (or at least the consensus of the legal scholars within the community). The Prophet Muhammad once said that his community (i.e. the Muslim community) would never agree on an error.
In cases when something needs a legal ruling, but has not been clearly addressed in the other sources, judges may use analogy, reasoning, and legal precedent to decide new case law. This is often the case when a general principle can be applied to new situations.
statutory law, common law and islamic law
Yasin Dutton has written: 'The origins of Islamic law' -- subject(s): History, Islamic law, Sources 'The Origins of Islamic Law ; The Qur'an, the Muwatta and Madinan 'Amal'
Customary Law is those legal attributes that come as a result of historical or cultural traditions. Islamic Law is those legal attributes that can be cited to come from the Qur'an, the Hadith, the Sirat an-Nabi, or other Islamic Legal Sources (such as Fiqh). This distinction is often raised when it comes to sensitive issues such as honor killing, which came into Islam through customary law as opposed to Islamic Law and, therefore, should not be used to impugn Islam.I personally find this argument accurate but disingenuous. While the distinction between customary law and Islamic Law is a true distinction, it almost never used to describe places where the customary law would be seen to be superior to Islamic Law. A perfect instance of this is in the treatment of Polytheists (Mushrikin) - specifically Hindus and Buddhists, who are not supposed to live in an Islamic State, but were allowed to do so in Islamic India (the Mughal Empire) for centuries. This custom of toleration for polytheism comes from the Buddhist rulers who preceded the Islamic Rulers and not from Islamic scriptures, which only hold that Jews, Christians, and Sabians should be tolerated. The other reason that I find this argument bothersome is that we do not see Islamic leadership in various countries campaigning against all customary legal issues, especially malignant ones like honor killing, but selecting certain benign issues like praying at the graves of Sufi Saints to focus their attention on.
the knowledge which is deduced from the principles laid down in the quran and hadis by use of analogical deductions is known as qiyas, which is the fourth sourse of islamic law__________________________________________________In cases when something needs a legal ruling, but has not been clearly addressed in the other sources, judges may use analogy, reasoning, and legal precedent to decide new case law. This is often the case when a general principle can be applied to new situations. Refer to the question question below for the four sources of Islamic law.
Law is based on natural law, which is based on morals.
Yahaya Yunusa Bambale has written: 'Crimes and punishments under Islamic law' -- subject(s): Criminal law (Islamic law), Punishment (Islamic law)
Law require a politician. Morals only require, at the least, an elementary sense of right and wrong/good and evil.
islamic judge subject law
nope, its Sharia law ^^
Mohamed Mohamed Yunis Ali has written: 'Medieval Islamic pragmatics' -- subject(s): History, Islamic law, Pragmatics, Language and culture, Language, Sources, Contributions to the philosophy of language
i no but u should find it out
Officially, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is an Islamic Republic. Islamic Republics are governed by Islamic law.