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Darius the Great's commander Datis came to grief at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC (First Persian invasion of Greece) .
There is a Biblical Darius, "Darius the Mede", who assumes the throne of Belshazzar after Daniel deciphers the predictions of Belshazzar's demise. (Book of Daniel) * This is one source for the English idiom "reading the handwriting on the wall", which means seeing a future consequence. Three kings of Persia were named Darius, the first being "Darius the Great" (549-486 BC) and the other two later successors, Darius II (aka Ochus, king 423-404 BC) and Darius III (aka Artashata 380-330 BC).
He entered into Asia Minor and destroyed the Persian provincial army there at the battle of Granicus,, and executed the Greek mercenaries in Persian service to discourage Greeks joining the Persian army and providing them with the armoured infantry they desperately needed to stand up to Alexander's armoured forces.
They successively set out to expand and consolidate the Persian Empire.
In both battles fought between Alexander III and Darius III, Alexander was the victor. This was due to the fact that Darius turned and ran both times, leaving his superior army leaderless and in disarray and Alexander was able to defeat the far larger Persian army. Alexander captured Darius's family during the first battle and he treated them as royalty instead of prisoners of war.
They never met face to face. They first confronted each other on the battlefield of Issus in 333 BCE. Their next encounter was the battle of Gaugamela in 331 BCE. Darius lost both, and was assassinated by his own nobility after the second one. Alexander, pursuing after the battle, got to see Darius' murdered corpse.
In late 331 b.c., Alexander's army headed back north. He turned eastward and invaded Mesopotamia, now ruled by the Persians. Alexander's army smashed Darius's forces at Gaugamela, near the Tigris River. After this victory, Alexander's army took over the rest of the Persian Empire so in cnclusion after this victory he got the rest of persia
Darius the Great.
Darius I
After conquering and uniting Greece Alexander went on to conquer the major countries of Asia Minor and the Middle East. Alexander defeated the Persian king, Darius III, and united the Persian Empire with Greece.
The first battle against the Persians was at the River Granicus, after Alexander crossed the Hellespont. Then he defeated them again, this time they were led by their King Darius III, at the Pinarus River (known as the Battle of Issus) - Darius fled. Alexander then defeated them again at the last and final battle against Darius III, which was at Guagamela. After this battle, Darius fled again and was captured and assassinated by his own men. Alexander then proclaimed himself King of the Persian Empire.
Is the first political logo in history
Darius I.
In 336 BC Alexander set out with around 37,000 soldiers to build his empire. First they crossed the river Danube to fortify the northern frontier. Then they negotiated the strait at Hellespont (a narrow strait between the Aegean and Marmara seas) with the intention of taking control of Persia. The army marched towards Babylon, fighting along the way, until encountering the forces of Darius III at Issus (modern day Syria). Even though the Macedonians were heavily outnumbered they routed the Persian army after a fake retreat ordered by tactician Alexander. Darius and his men fled for their lives, but left behind a vast wealth, including his own wife and mother. One might expect Alexander to have them killed for being in league with the enemy. Instead he treated them with care, compassion and respect. This was the beginning of Alexander's attempts to integrate Persian and European lifestyles and customs, a move that the majority of his army resented.
Cyrus the Great was the founder and first king of Achaemenid Persia. Darius was the son-in-law of Cyrus and was the third king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, ruling the empire at it's greatest.
Hellenistic culture is the blend of Greek, Middle Eastern and Asian cultures. The significance is that this blend happened after Alexander conquered the empires and countries listed above for the first time in history.