Lava tube caves form when low viscosity lava flows beneath the hardened surface of lava flow while the volcano is active. Then when the volcano is dormant or extinct, it leaves cave like channels.
Pahoehoe lava, which has a smooth, rope-like texture and forms by flowing rapidly and cooling quickly, is more likely to form lava tube caves due to its ability to retain heat and flow for long distances before solidifying. Aa lava, with its jagged and blocky texture, tends to move more sluggishly and is less likely to create extensive tube structures.
They both depend on eruptions for their formation but lava tubes form only in large flows of low-viscosity, basaltic,lava. I don't know if this applies to Mt. Pinatubo.
"Basic", or low-silica, basalt lava, as its viscosity is relatively low.
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The main types of caves are solution caves, lava caves, sea caves, glacier caves, and talus caves. Solution caves form from the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone; lava caves are created by flowing lava; sea caves are carved by the action of waves on coastal cliffs; glacier caves form within glaciers due to melting and refreezing processes; and talus caves are formed by fallen rocks creating cave-like structures.
That's extremely variable and specific to each cave, but you have to think in tens or hundreds of thousands of years.
Stalactites in lava tubes form from the dripping of mineral-rich water that seeps through the porous rock. As the water drips from the ceiling, it leaves behind deposits of minerals, primarily calcium carbonate, as it evaporates. Over time, these deposits accumulate, gradually creating icicle-shaped formations hanging from the roof of the lava tube. The process is similar to stalactite formation in caves, but the minerals involved may vary depending on the lava tube's geochemical environment.
Yes. Ape Cave - two mile long lava tube, Gardner Cave - 1000' long limestone cave Ice Cave - 400' long lava tube Source: http://www.goodearthgraphics.com/showcave/wa.html
Most caves are in limestone or dolomite rocks. Some (e.g. Carlsbad Caverns) are in gypsum rocks. But caves can also exist in lava deposits (e.g. lava tube caves), marble rocks (i.e. metamorphosed limestone), and many other types of rocks at lower rates, depending on various variables.
The most famous spot for lava tubes on Earth is Hawai'i. Because of the geography, the Lava Tubes on Big Island are the biggest in the World. Kazumura Cave is 61.407 m long and has a height difference of 1102 m from end to end.
None.In USA? Caves can only form in limestone, with a few exceptions such as lava tubes, so does every Americanstate contain karst landscapes then?
Caves can also be created by underground water erosion, where water dissolves and carries away rock to form caves in limestone and other soluble bedrock. Additionally, caves can be formed through volcanic activity, such as lava caves formed from flowing lava, or glacier caves created by melting ice in glaciers.