on earth
yes as any mother and foal would!
A foal is usually only called a foal for a year. Then they are called yearlings.
Never.
After 11-12 months, she will drop her foal. To say, it will be born. Mares normally foal at night when she is safer from predators. In the wild, she will stay away from her herd for about 10-14 days in order to establish a bond with her foal. If they foal is exposed to other horses too early on in life, the foal will be confused as to who its mother is.
A foal will sleep wherever it's mother is whether that be in the stable or pasture. It will stay with it's mother until it can eat on it's own and is weaned away from her.
On the game, the foal stays with it's mother until it is 6 months old. You can sell the horse before 6 months though. The horse will never go to its dad, it will stay with the mother always unless you sell it.
This is not the best idea, but if a mare abandons her foal, yes, you can hand raise it. You will have to bottle feed and spend most of your time with it. This is very time consuming and hard work but it is rewarding in the end. If you hand raise a foal it will come very attached to you which may cause stubborness as the foal ages.
Yes, it is fairly rare, but a mare may be bred even though she is in foal. She may appear to come into heat and act like she is not in foal, when in reality she has settled. A mare that is in foal and is bred may lose the fetus however.
A foal will generally stay with its mother for 4-8 months, depending on the foal and the mare. During the transition period, the foal will learn to graze and drink water and rely progressively less on drinking the mare's milk.
An orphan foal.
It is still called a foal. Sucking foal.
A baby pony is called the same thing as a baby horse, a foal. A male foal is a colt and a female foal is a filly.