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This could be quantified using calculus, but to simply know WHERE it is fastest but not how fast, simple first principals are all that is required - that of conservation of energy.

At the low point the pendulum has it's least Potential Energy (PE) - it has fallen as far as it can. As it rises it gains PE, gathering that energy by reducing the Kinetic Energy (energy of motion) of the mass.

Clearly the pendulum is traveling fastest at the bottom.

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Q: Where does a pendulum swing fastest why?
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