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Probably in the tiny "balloons" called alveoli (singular, alveolus). Each has its walls filled with capillaries that bring in blood rich in carbon dioxide/low in oxygen. The carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli (then exhaled) while the oxygen just inhaled diffuses from each alveolus into the capillaries and is carried throughout the body. The heart pumps the blood constantly and permits this exchange in the lungs.

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