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Nuclear fission, the splitting apart of the atom, is used to generate electricity in a nuclear power plant. Nuclear fusion, the joining together of two atoms to create electricity, has been tried, but, it only works for a few seconds at best, and it will not be a source of power until sometime in the distant future.
Just about all power plants have a negative effect on the environment however, if a nuclear power plant is run properly it has a chance of not polluting the environment almost at all.
The best source I know of is the NRC website which gives a map. See link below
The best place for a nuclear power plant is somewhere which can readily supply a large amount of water and a place with a low population density in case of an incident occurring. Usually this is a place near to the edge of a country which has a coastline as this fill both categories. The sea will supply the water required for cooling and the coast is not usually highly populated due to country centers being the sites of businesses which employ that countries inhabitants
Most nuclear plants operate their whole lives entirely safely, but as we have seen in Japan recently, things can go wrong occasionally and its best not to have too many people living near the plant. Transmission lines from the plant at say 20 miles can easily bring the power to the city instaed.
The reactor in a nuclear power plant generates heat to flash water to steam, which spins turbines that generate electricity. This is not really any different, in terms of steam cycle1, than a fossil plant. Its just that the source of heat is nuclear fission of (usually) uranium-235 instead of the burning of coal, oil, or natural gas. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1Well, its a little bit different because the nuclear steam supply cycle runs best on a slightly lower pressure and temperature than a fossil fuel plant steam cycle does. Other than that, the steam and generating parts of a nuclear plant are very comparable to a fossil plant.
Nuclear power is best used to generate electricity in countries seeking clean, baseload energy sources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Proper safety measures and strict regulatory oversight are essential to mitigate risks associated with nuclear power. It is important to locate nuclear power plants away from densely populated areas to minimize potential harm in case of accidents.
The NRC website is the best source for this, you will find it under the nuclear reactor tab (I assume by 'states' you mean states of the US). See 'www.nrc.gov', I have linked this below. For a world wide survey go to 'www.world-nuclear.org'
Nuclear power is the best by far because you take pellets that have a uranium orb in the middle then stabilizer rods come in stabilize them and then water is poured on them to generate steam that rises through a turbine and spins the turbine generating power
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