Greece
greece
the chucasalic country.
It was not just one European, it was the Spanish Conquistadors lead by Cortes.
more advanced understandings of how life works
European colonization destroyed the Inca civilization above the village level. Many of the villages of Peru are still organized as the Incas organized them.
Ancient Rome
India
the Aztecs
The belief of Jews and Christians that influenced European civilization was the way they marked time. There was also a belief that there is a supernatural being who controls the universe.
India
Hernán Cortés